制作一个可执行的Ubuntu [英] Making a Ubuntu executable
问题描述
我已经使用gcc编译器在C程序。现在它没有GUI组件。我用makefile文件编译它，并在终端上运行它。我需要这样的可执行文件是独立进行部署。我想可执行文件有一个图标，点击后开始在终端程序。谁能告诉我如何做到这一点？
i have made a program in C using the gcc compiler. Right now it has no GUI components. I am compiling it with makefile and running it in the terminal. I need to deploy it so that the executable is standalone. I want the executable to have an icon and when clicked start the program in the terminal. Can anyone tell me how to do this?
推荐答案
（声明：以下与Kubuntu的测试，你可能需要为你的系统进行一些调整）
The basics
(disclaimer: the following was tested with kubuntu, you might need to make some adjustments for your system)
其实，有一个标准要做到这一点，不仅对Ubuntu的，但任何数量的* nix系统。请教： http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Howto_desktop_files ：
Actually there is a standard to do that, not just for Ubuntu but for any number of *nix systems. Consult: http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Howto_desktop_files:
让我们假设你有你的 foo.bin 文件要部署。按照文件系统层次标准的，一个好地方，把它（如果你不使用的软件包管理器）为的/ usr / local / bin目录/ 。您还需要一个图标，我会假设你的艺术天赋产生 foo.png ，和良好的地方可能是的/ usr /本地/股票/图标/ 。
Lets assume you have your foo.bin file you want to deploy. According to the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard, a good place to put it (if you are not using a package manager) is /usr/local/bin/. You will also need an icon, I will assume your artistic talent produced foo.png, and a good place for it might be /usr/local/share/icons/.
现在你需要创建 foo.desktop 可能看起来是这样的：
Now you need to create foo.desktop that might look like this:
[Desktop Entry]
Comment=My awesome fooish application
Exec=/usr/local/bin/foo.bin
Icon=/usr/local/share/icons/foo.png
Name=Foobar
NoDisplay=false
StartupNotify=false
Terminal=1
TerminalOptions=
Type=Application
和把它放在的/ usr /共享/应用/ 。
您可能能够使用您的菜单编辑器来创建这样一个文件。寻找生成桌面文件在〜/。本地/共享/应用/ 。
You might be able to use your menu editor to create such a file. Look for the generated desktop file under ~/.local/share/applications/.
这应该做的伎俩。
另一个约定是把一切都在 /选择/富/ 并创建符号链接的/ usr /本地/ 。
Another convention is to put everything under /opt/foo/ and create symbolic links to /usr/local/.
借助 Portland项目提供了 XDG - * 命令行实用程序，可以很容易地安装应用程序的图标/菜单项/资源文件，在DE（GNOME，KDE等），独立的方式。
The Portland project provides the xdg-* command line utilities that make it easy to install the application's icon / menu entry / resource file, in a DE (GNOME, KDE, etc) independent way.
查看 KDE和放大器;在linuxuser.co.uk GNOME跨桌面的开发教程。
有关部署，你应该考虑创建一个 *。的deb 包。 （与你的可执行文件， *桌面文件和图标）。有几个教程在这个问题上如的http://www.linuxfordevices.com/c/a/Linux-For-Devices-Articles/How-to-make-deb-packages/.
For deployment you should consider creating a *.deb package. (with your executable, *.desktop file and icon). There are several tutorials on this subject e.g. http://www.linuxfordevices.com/c/a/Linux-For-Devices-Articles/How-to-make-deb-packages/.
请注意，如果您使用的软件包管理器，文件位置的约定变成的/ usr / 而不是的/ usr /本地/ 。
Note that if you are using a package manager, the convention for file location becomes /usr/ instead of /usr/local/.
下一步，如果你是倾向于把它是设置自己的资料库，或 PPA 。
The next step, if you are inclined to take it, is setup your own repository, or PPA.
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