什么是64位/ 32位的较低水平优势和劣势？ [英] What are the lower level advantages and disadvantages of 64-bit/32-bit?
问题描述
我敢肯定，我们都听到了条款的64位和32位拦腰抱住，但他们是什么真正意味着什么呢？
I'm sure we've all heard the terms 64bit and 32bit thrown around, but what do they actually mean?
我是pretty的肯定，他们都与一个内存地址的大小。在64位机器，引用一个对象是64位。但是，我想挖得更深一些......
I'm pretty sure they have to do with the size of a memory address. On a 64bit machine, a reference to an object is 64 bits. But I want to dig a little deeper....
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经常听到的那句64位机。实际上朝向位数面向什么计算机的一部分？处理器？操作系统？
One often hears the phrase "64bit machine." What part of the computer is actually geared toward the number of bits? Processor? Operating System?
什么是具有较大的内存地址的优势在哪里？
What is the advantage of having larger memory addresses?
我可以添加更多的问题，但我想简要的比较好。
I could add more questions, but I think brief is better.
感谢球员：D
推荐答案
64位是指寄存器的宽度，内存寻址空间等优点之一是abiliity解决超过4GB的内存。
64 bit refers to the width of registers, memory addressing space, etc. One benefit is the abiliity to address more than 4GB of memory.
维基百科对64位计算的一篇文章，更多的细节。
Wikipedia has an article on 64-bit computing with more details.
编辑：的优势以更多的内存是操作系统和程序有更多的虚拟地址空间 - 16艾字节（17.2十亿GB） - ，更重要的是，更多的物理内存可以被添加到系统和处理，导致虚拟内存更少交换和从磁盘
The advantages to more memory are that the operating system and programs have more virtual addressing space--16 exabytes (17.2 billion GB)--and, more importantly, that more physical memory can be added to a system and addressed, causing less swapping of virtual memory to and from disk.
要更宽寄存器和数据总线的优点是，它是容易和更快地移动数据相同数量的周围。这需要两个或多个寄存器的操作现在可以与一种进行。
The advantage to wider registers and data buses are that it is easier and faster to move the same amount of data around. An operation that required two or more registers can now be done with one.
因此，性能一般是增加当软件被重新编译为64位。
So, performance is typically increased when software is recompiled for 64 bits.
A 缺点是更宽的数据可能意味着采取同样的数据更多的空间。例如存储数量300需要九个位。如果它存储在一个32位整数，23位被浪费。在64位，这浪费成为55位。所以，没有换装，简单的重新编译为64位能产生更快，但稍微臃肿的软件。
A disadvantage is that wider data can mean more space taken by the same data. For instance storing the number 300 requires nine bits. If it's stored in a 32 bit integer, 23 bits are wasted. In 64 bit, that wastage becomes 55 bits. So, without retooling, a simple recompile to 64 bit can yield faster, but slightly more bloated software.
编辑：也有 64位技术的网页这里：
- 英特尔64架构
- AMD64解决方案
- IBM：从堆栈：过渡到64位
- IBM：移植Linux应用到64位系统
- IBM： 64位计算决策者的指南
- CodingHorror：是时候为64位桌面 ？
- ClassicArs：介绍64位计算和x86-64
- Intel® 64 Architecture
- AMD64 Solutions
- IBM: From the stacks: Making the transition to 64 bits
- IBM: Porting Linux applications to 64-bit systems
- IBM: 64-Bit Computing Decision-Maker’s Guide
- CodingHorror: Is it time for 64 bit on the desktop?
- ClassicArs: An Introduction to 64-bit Computing and x86-64
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