C＃中是否有异常的概述？ [英] C# Is there an Exception overview?
问题描述
我在想，如果有与所有的异常类型的列表。我知道有一些例外，但我不知道他们。有时候，我抛出一个异常，然后我想，也许.NET已经有一个例外。
I was wondering if there's a list with all Exception types. I know a few Exceptions, but I don't know them all. Sometimes I throw an Exception and then I think, maybe .NET already has an Exception for this.
例如，现在我需要说的过程没有按'一个异常ŧ存在（如文件）
For example, now I need an Exception that says that a process doesn't exists (like a file).
因此，因此我的问题是：是否有人知道找到所有例外列表？我没有发现它。
So therefore my question is: Does anybody know to find a list of all Exceptions? I didn't found it.
推荐答案
首先，你必须了解什么是例外情况，以及如何处理它。
有一些资源，可以帮助你了解这个话题。
First of all you must understand what are exceptions and how to deal with it. There some resources, that can help you to understand this topic.
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选择异常的为正确的类型通过克日什托夫·Cwalina扔。 http://blogs.msdn.com/kcwalina/archive/2006/07/05/ 657268.aspx
如何设计异常体系由克日什托夫·Cwalina。 http://blogs.msdn.com/kcwalina/archive/2007/01/30/ ExceptionHierarchies.aspx
"How to Design Exception Hierarchies" by Krzysztof Cwalina. http://blogs.msdn.com/kcwalina/archive/2007/01/30/ExceptionHierarchies.aspx
克里斯Brumme异常模式。 http://blogs.msdn.com/cbrumme/archive/2003/10/01/ 51524.aspx
The Exception Mode by Chris Brumme. http://blogs.msdn.com/cbrumme/archive/2003/10/01/51524.aspx
可能会有所帮助：
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为什么赶上（例外）/空的catch是坏由CLR团队博客。 HTTP：//博客。 msdn.com/b/dotnet/archive/2009/02/19/why-catch-exception-empty-catch-is-bad.aspx
编写健壮的异常处理代码由比尔·瓦格纳。 http://visualstudiomagazine.com/articles/2007/06/01/write-健壮exceptionhandling-code.aspx
"Write Robust Exception-Handling Code" by Bill Wagner. http://visualstudiomagazine.com/articles/2007/06/01/write-robust-exceptionhandling-code.aspx
C＃：我们需要在C＃中checked异常的 https://blogs.msdn.com/abhinaba/archive/2005/12/16/504373.aspx
"C#: Do we need checked exception in C#" https://blogs.msdn.com/abhinaba/archive/2005/12/16/504373.aspx
此外杰弗里里希特在通过C＃编译异常层次结构（p.430，第19章），他的书CLR和最近他写了一个程序这显示所有被最终从派生类中的 System.Exception的
Also Jeffrey Richter in his book CLR via C# build exception hierarchy (p.430, Chapter 19) and lately he wrote a program that display all of the classes that are ultimately derived from System.Exception:
using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Collections.Generic;
public static class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
// Explicitly load the assemblies that we want to reflect over
LoadAssemblies();
// Initialize our counters and our exception type list
Int32 totalPublicTypes = 0, totalExceptionTypes = 0;
List<String> exceptionTree = new List<String>();
// Iterate through all assemblies loaded in this AppDomain
foreach (Assembly a in AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies())
{
// Iterate through all types defined in this assembly
foreach (Type t in a.GetExportedTypes())
{
totalPublicTypes++;
// Ignore type if not a public class
if (!t.IsClass || !t.IsPublic) continue;
// Build a string of the type's derivation hierarchy
StringBuilder typeHierarchy = new StringBuilder(t.FullName, 5000);
// Assume that the type is not an Exception-derived type
Boolean derivedFromException = false;
// See if System.Exception is a base type of this type
Type baseType = t.BaseType;
while ((baseType != null) && !derivedFromException)
{
// Append the base type to the end of the string
typeHierarchy.Append("-" + baseType);
derivedFromException = (baseType == typeof(System.Exception));
baseType = baseType.BaseType;
}
// No more bases and not Exception-derived, try next type
if (!derivedFromException) continue;
// We found an Exception-derived type
totalExceptionTypes++;
// For this Exception-derived type,
// reverse the order of the types in the hierarchy
String[] h = typeHierarchy.ToString().Split('-');
Array.Reverse(h);
// Build a new string with the hierarchy in order
// from Exception -> Exception-derived type
// Add the string to the list of Exception types
exceptionTree.Add(String.Join("-", h, 1, h.Length - 1));
}
}
// Sort the Exception types together in order of their hierarchy
exceptionTree.Sort();
// Display the Exception tree
foreach (String s in exceptionTree)
{
// For this Exception type, split its base types apart
string[] x = s.Split('-');
// Indent based on the number of base types
// and then show the most-derived type
Console.WriteLine(new String(' ', 3 * x.Length) + x[x.Length - 1]);
}
// Show final status of the types considered
Console.WriteLine("\n---> of {0} types, {1} are " +
"derived from System.Exception.",
totalPublicTypes, totalExceptionTypes);
}
private static void LoadAssemblies()
{
String[] assemblies = {
"System, PublicKeyToken={0}",
"System.Data, PublicKeyToken={0}",
"System.Design, PublicKeyToken={1}",
"System.DirectoryServices, PublicKeyToken={1}",
"System.Drawing, PublicKeyToken={1}",
"System.Drawing.Design, PublicKeyToken={1}",
"System.Management, PublicKeyToken={1}",
"System.Messaging, PublicKeyToken={1}",
"System.Runtime.Remoting, PublicKeyToken={0}",
"System.Security, PublicKeyToken={1}",
"System.ServiceProcess, PublicKeyToken={1}",
"System.Web, PublicKeyToken={1}",
"System.Web.RegularExpressions, PublicKeyToken={1}",
"System.Web.Services, PublicKeyToken={1}",
"System.Windows.Forms, PublicKeyToken={0}",
"System.Xml, PublicKeyToken={0}",
};
String EcmaPublicKeyToken = "b77a5c561934e089";
String MSPublicKeyToken = "b03f5f7f11d50a3a";
// Get the version of the assembly containing System.Object
// We'll assume the same version for all the other assemblies
Version version =
typeof(System.Object).Assembly.GetName().Version;
// Explicitly load the assemblies that we want to reflect over
foreach (String a in assemblies)
{
String Assemblyldentity =
String.Format(a, EcmaPublicKeyToken, MSPublicKeyToken) +
", Culture=neutral, Version=" + version;
Assembly.Load(AssemblyIdentity);
}
}
}
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