转换一个C＃命令行应用Windows服务 [英] Converting a c# commandline app to a Windows service

问题描述

我找到了部分答案，但没有真正充分

I found plenty of partial answers, but nothing really sufficient.

案例：
应用程序是一个工作的命令行应用程序，没有用户交互，除了收到上输入到停止按键的能力，这已经写在禁用即使当没有Environment.UserInteractive运行== true的方法。

The case: App is a working command line app, with no user interaction, except for the ability to receive an key press on enter to stop, this is already written in a way that disables even that when not run as Environment.UserInteractive == true.

我在使用Visual Studio 2010。

I'm using Visual Studio 2010.

问题是我需要这个应用程序转换为Windows服务。它是只是做一个新的类文件作为一种服务，并将它叫我的启动和停止对现有应用程序的方法呢？

The problem is I need to convert this app to a windows service. Is it "just" making a new class file as a service, and have it call my start and stop methods on the existing application?

如何安装程序（VS'默认的MSI安装程序），可以在现有的安装项目升级来处理服务的安装呢？

How about the installer (VS' default msi installer), can the existing installer project be "upgraded" to handle the Service installation as well?

我这个混乱面前，结束了一个安装程序，一直不同意安装，因为它一直作为检测已经被安装该服务，串门则及时回滚一切安装过程。它检测到的服务是它刚刚安装的那个。

I messed with this before, and ended up with an installer that kept refusing to install, as it kept detecting the service as already being installed, stopping the install process by then promptly rolling back everything. The service it detected were the one it had just installed.

推荐答案

要运行一个控制台应用程序无论是作为Windows服务或一个控制台应用程序，编写一个控制台应用程序，然后使用命令行参数来确定是否应直接运行或启动该服务。包括安装/卸载程序安装与正确的命令行参数的Windows服务。

To run a console app as either a Windows Service or a Console application, write a single console application and use command line arguments to determine if you should run directly or start up the service. Include an installer/uninstaller to install as a windows service with the right command line arguments.

下面是我们使用提供此功能的基类。

Here's a base class we use that provides this functionality.

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Configuration.Install;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Microsoft.Win32;

namespace Console40
{
    public abstract class AbstractService : ServiceBase
    {
        public static AbstractService Current { get; private set; }

        protected virtual string HelpTextPattern
        {
            get
            {
                #region Help Text

                return
                    @"
USAGE

    {0} [command]

    WHERE [command] is one of

        /console   - run as a console application, for debugging
        /service   - run as a windows service
        /install   - install as a windows service
        /uninstall - uninstall windows service

";

                #endregion
            }
        }

        public abstract string DisplayName { get; }

        public ServiceExecutionMode ServiceExecutionMode { get; private set; }

        protected abstract Guid UninstallGuid { get; }

        protected virtual string UninstallRegKeyPath
        {
            get
            {
                return @"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall";
            }
        }

        protected AbstractService(string serviceName)
        {
            ServiceName = serviceName;
            if (Current != null)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException(String.Format(
                         "Service {0} is instantiating but service {1} is already instantiated as current.  References to AbstractService.Current will only point to the first service.",
                         GetType().FullName,
                         Current.GetType().FullName));
            }
            Current = this;
        }

        public void Run(string[] args)
        {
            Environment.CurrentDirectory = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;

            if (args.Length == 0 && Debugger.IsAttached)
            {
                args = new[] { "/console" };
            }

            if (args.Length == 0)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(HelpTextPattern, Path.GetFileName(GetType().Assembly.CodeBase));
            }
            else
            {
                switch (args[0].ToLower())
                {
                    case "/service":
                        ServiceExecutionMode = ServiceExecutionMode.Service;
                        Run(new[] { this });
                        break;

                    case "/console":
                        ServiceExecutionMode = ServiceExecutionMode.Console;
                        Console.WriteLine("Starting Service...");
                        OnStart(new string[0]);
                        OnStartCommandLine();
                        OnStop();
                        break;

                    case "/install":
                        ServiceExecutionMode = ServiceExecutionMode.Install;
                        InstallService();
                        break;

                    case "/uninstall":
                        ServiceExecutionMode = ServiceExecutionMode.Uninstall;
                        UninstallService();
                        break;

                    case "/uninstallprompt":
                        ServiceExecutionMode = ServiceExecutionMode.Uninstall;
                        if (ConfirmUninstall())
                        {
                            UninstallService();
                            InformUninstalled();
                        }
                        break;

                    default:
                        if (!OnCustomCommandLine(args))
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine(HelpTextPattern, Path.GetFileName(GetType().Assembly.CodeBase));
                        }
                        break;
                }
            }
        }

        protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
        {
            OnStartImpl(args);

            AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException += OnCurrentDomainUnhandledException;
        }

        protected virtual void OnStartCommandLine()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Service is running...  Hit ENTER to break.");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        protected abstract void OnStartImpl(string[] args);

        void OnCurrentDomainUnhandledException(object sender, UnhandledExceptionEventArgs e)
        {
            // do something useful here, log it..
        }

        protected override void OnShutdown()
        {
            Stop();
        }

        protected override void OnStop()
        {
            OnStopImpl();
        }

        protected abstract void OnStopImpl();

        protected virtual bool OnCustomCommandLine(string[] args)
        {
            // for extension
            return false;
        }

        private void InstallService()
        {
            GetInstaller(".InstallLog").Install(new Hashtable());
            InstallServiceCommandLine();
            CreateUninstaller();
        }

        private void InstallServiceCommandLine()
        {
            string keyParent = @"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\" + ServiceName;
            const string VALUE_NAME = "ImagePath";

            try
            {
                using (RegistryKey key = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(keyParent, true))
                {
                    if (key == null)
                    {
                        throw new InvalidOperationException("Service not found in registry.");
                    }

                    var origPath = key.GetValue(VALUE_NAME) as string;
                    if (origPath == null)
                    {
                        throw new Exception("HKLM\\" + keyParent + "\\" + VALUE_NAME + " does not exist but was expected.");
                    }

                    key.SetValue(VALUE_NAME, origPath.Replace("\"\"", "\"") + " /service");
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception(
                    "Error updating service command line after installation.  Unable to write to HKLM\\" + keyParent, ex);
            }
        }

        private void CreateUninstaller()
        {
            using (RegistryKey parent = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(UninstallRegKeyPath, true))
            {
                if (parent == null)
                {
                    throw new Exception(String.Format("Uninstall registry key '{0}' not found.", UninstallRegKeyPath));
                }
                try
                {
                    RegistryKey key = null;

                    try
                    {
                        string guidText = UninstallGuid.ToString("B");
                        key = parent.OpenSubKey(guidText, true) ??
                              parent.CreateSubKey(guidText);

                        if (key == null)
                        {
                            throw new Exception(String.Format("Unable to create uninstaller '{0}\\{1}'", UninstallRegKeyPath, guidText));
                        }

                        Assembly asm = GetType().Assembly;
                        Version v = asm.GetName().Version;
                        string exe = "\"" + asm.CodeBase.Substring(8).Replace("/", "\\\\") + "\"";

                        key.SetValue("DisplayName", DisplayName);
                        key.SetValue("ApplicationVersion", v.ToString());
                        key.SetValue("Publisher", "B-Line Medical");
                        key.SetValue("DisplayIcon", exe);
                        key.SetValue("DisplayVersion", v.ToString(2));
                        key.SetValue("URLInfoAbout", "http://www.blinemedical.com");
                        key.SetValue("Contact", "[e-mail]");
                        key.SetValue("InstallDate", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd"));
                        key.SetValue("UninstallString", exe + " /uninstallprompt");
                    }
                    finally
                    {
                        if (key != null)
                        {
                            key.Close();
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    throw new Exception(
                        "An error occurred writing uninstall information to the registry.  The service is fully installed but can only be uninstalled manually through the command line.",
                        ex);
                }
            }
        }

        private bool ConfirmUninstall()
        {
            string title = "Uninstall " + DisplayName;
            string text = "Are you sure you want to remove " + DisplayName + " from your computer?";
            return DialogResult.Yes ==
                   MessageBox.Show(text, title, MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Question,
                                   MessageBoxDefaultButton.Button2);
        }

        private void InformUninstalled()
        {
            string title = "Uninstall " + DisplayName;
            string text = DisplayName + " has been uninstalled.";
            MessageBox.Show(text, title, MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
        }

        private void UninstallService()
        {
            GetInstaller(".UninstallLog").Uninstall(null);
            RemoveUninstaller();
        }

        private TransactedInstaller GetInstaller(string logExtension)
        {
            var ti = new TransactedInstaller();

            ti.Installers.Add(new ServiceProcessInstaller
            {
                Account = ServiceAccount.LocalSystem
            });

            ti.Installers.Add(new ServiceInstaller
            {
                DisplayName = DisplayName,
                ServiceName = ServiceName,
                StartType = ServiceStartMode.Automatic
            });

            string basePath = Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().Location;
            String path = String.Format("/assemblypath=\"{0}\"", basePath);
            ti.Context = new InstallContext(Path.ChangeExtension(basePath, logExtension), new[] { path });

            return ti;
        }

        private void RemoveUninstaller()
        {
            using (RegistryKey key = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(UninstallRegKeyPath, true))
            {
                if (key == null)
                {
                    return;
                }
                try
                {
                    string guidText = UninstallGuid.ToString("B");
                    RegistryKey child = key.OpenSubKey(guidText);
                    if (child != null)
                    {
                        child.Close();
                        key.DeleteSubKey(guidText);
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    throw new Exception(
                        "An error occurred removing uninstall information from the registry.  The service was uninstalled will still show up in the add/remove program list.  To remove it manually delete the entry HKLM\\" +
                        UninstallRegKeyPath + "\\" + UninstallGuid, ex);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public enum ServiceExecutionMode
    {
        Unknown,
        Service,
        Console,
        Install,
        Uninstall,
        Custom
    }
}

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