解析XML的Mac的plist到的东西可读 [英] Parsing Mac XML PList into something readable
问题描述
我试图拉离 XML 的的plist （苹果系统概述）文件，并读入内存数据库，最后我想要把它弄成人类可读。
I am trying to pull data from XML PList (Apple System Profiler) files, and read it into a memory database, and finally I want to turn it into something human-readable.
的问题是，该格式似乎是非常困难的以一致的方式来阅读。我已经过了几个解决方案了，但我还没有找到一个解决办法，我发现令人满意。我总是最终不得不硬编码了很多价值，并最终有许多的if-else / switch语句。
The problem is that the format seems to be very difficult to read in a consistent manner. I have gone over a few solutions already, but I haven't found a solution yet that I found satisfying. I always end up having to hard code a lot of values, and end up having to many if-else/switch statements.
格式如下。
<plist>
<key>_system</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>_cpu_type</key>
<string>Intel Core Duo</string>
</dict>
</array>
</plist>
示例文件的这里。
我看了后（或读期间），我使用，我用它来确定哪些类型的信息的内部字典吧是。例如，如果关键是 cpu_type的因此我保存信息。
After I have read (or during reading), I make use of an internal dictionary that I use to determine what type of information it is. For example, if the key is cpu_type I save the information accordingly.
这是我已经尝试了几个例子（简化）以提取信息。
A few examples that I have tried (simplified) to pull the information.
XmlTextReader reader = new
XmlTextReader("C:\\test.spx");
reader.XmlResolver = null;
reader.ReadStartElement("plist");
String key = String.Empty; String str
= String.Empty;
Int32 Index = 0;
while (reader.Read()) {
if (reader.LocalName == "key")
{
Index++;
key = reader.ReadString();
}
else if (reader.LocalName == "string")
{
str = reader.ReadString();
if (key != String.Empty)
{
dct.Add(Index, new KeyPair(key, str));
key = String.Empty;
}
}
}
或者这样的事情。
foreach (var d in xdoc.Root.Elements("plist"))
dict.Add(d.Element("key").Value,> d.Element("string").Value);
我发现了一个框架，使我能够修改的这里。
一些有用的信息
在系统剖析Mac OS X的信息的这里。
Mac OS X Information on the system profiler here.
用苹果脚本解析XML的文件这里。
Apple script used to parse the XML-files here.
任何建议或见解，这将深深感激。
Any advise or insight into this would be deeply appreciated.
推荐答案
我给这第一个想到的就是使用XSLT（XSL转换）。我不知道你在寻找什么格式基于上述评论你的答案，但我想我至少得到了依据。除非有需要，我没有想到的特别的东西，我相信XSLT是强大到足以做你需要的一切，不需要一大堆复杂的循环结构。
my first thought for this is just to use XSLT (XSL transformations). i don't know exactly what format you are looking for based on your answer in the above comments, but i think i got the gist at least. unless there's something special you need that i didn't think of, i believe XSLT is powerful enough to do everything you need, and no need for a bunch of complicated looping constructs.
如果你不熟悉，有很多的关于W3Schools的XSLT良好的信息（可能在开始的介绍：的http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/xsl_intro.asp ），也维基百科上有一个体面的书面记录（http://en.wikipedia.org /维基/ XSLT）。
if you're not familiar, there's a lot of good information on XSLT on w3schools (probably start at the intro: http://www.w3schools.com/xsl/xsl_intro.asp) and also wikipedia has a decent writeup on it (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XSLT).
它总是带我一段时间才能得到规则的工作我想要的方式;这是考虑这种转变的一个不同的方式和我花了一些时间来适应。这是需要有XPATH体面的理解以及。我不断地有指双方XSLT规范（http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt）和XPATH规范（http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/），因为我已经只有与它的经验量小，可能一旦你与它同时它会更顺畅的工作。
it always takes me a while to get the rules working the way i want; it's a different way of thinking about this kind of transform and took me some getting used to. it's necessary to have a decent understanding of XPATH as well. i am constantly having to refer to both the XSLT spec (http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt) and the XPATH spec (http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/) since i've only had a small amount of experience with it, probably once you have worked with it a while it goes more smoothly.
不过，我有一个应用程序，我以前写过玩围绕这些翻译。它与三个文本框C＃应用程序：一个用于XSLT，一个用于来源，一个用于输出。我花了几天（好吧，很多）时间试图让这将处理您的样本数据的XSLT的首次降息，以获得变换的结构如何努力，这将是和这将是一个想法。我想我终于想通了非常需要的是什么，但因为我不知道你到底需要什么样的格式，我停在那里。
anyway, i have an app i wrote previously for playing around with these translations. it's a C# application with three textboxes: one for the XSLT, one for the source, and one for the output. i spent a few (okay, many) hours trying to get a first cut of an XSLT that would process your sample data, to get an idea of how hard it would be and what the structure of the transform would be. i think i finally figured out pretty much what was needed, but since i don't know exactly what format you need, i stopped there.
下面是对样品的链接变换的输出： http://pastebin.com/SMFxUdDK 。
here's a link to the sample transformed output: http://pastebin.com/SMFxUdDK.
以下是所有真正做转换的代码，包括在你可以用它来开发，你去的形式。这不是幻想，但它一直很适合我。 繁重在btnTransform_Click（）处理程序全部完成，再加上我已实施XmlStringWriter以方便输出事情，我想要的方式。这里的工作的主要位只是在想出对XSLT指令，实际的变换为您在.NET XslCompiledTransform类相当好处理。不过，我想我已经花了足够的时间就可以找出所有的小细节时，我写的，这是值得给予一工作示例...
following is all the code to actually do the transform, included in a form that you can use to develop as you go. it's not fancy but it has worked well for me. the "heavy lifting" is all done in the "btnTransform_Click()" handler, plus i have implemented an XmlStringWriter to make it easy to output things the way i want. the main bit of the work here is just in coming up with the XSLT directives, the actual transform is fairly well handled for you in the .NET XslCompiledTransform class. however, i figured i had spent enough time figuring out all the little details on it when i wrote it that it was worth giving a working example...
注意我改变了一些命名空间的出现在这里即时，并且还增加了一些灯光意见的XSLT，所以如果有问题，让我知道，我会改正。
be aware i changed a couple of occurrences of a namespace here on-the-fly, and also added some light comments to the XSLT, so if there are issues let me know and i will correct them.
那么，没有进一步再见：;）
so, with no further adieu: ;)
XSLT文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet
version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
xmlns:msxsl="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt"
exclude-result-prefixes="msxsl"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions"
>
<!-- this just says to output XML as opposed to HTML or raw text -->
<xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes" xsi:type="xsl:output" />
<!-- this matches the root element and then creates a root element -->
<!-- with more templates applied as children -->
<xsl:template match="/" priority="9" >
<xsl:element name="root" xmlns="http://www.tempuri.org/plist">
<xsl:apply-templates/>
</xsl:element>
</xsl:template>
<!-- wasn't sure how you would want the dict and arrays handled -->
<!-- for a final cut, so i just make them into parent nodes of -->
<!-- the data underneath them, and then apply the templates -->
<xsl:template match="dict" priority="3" >
<xsl:element name="dictionary" xmlns="http://www.tempuri.org/plist">
<xsl:apply-templates/>
</xsl:element>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="array" priority="5" >
<xsl:element name="list" xmlns="http://www.tempuri.org/plist">
<xsl:apply-templates/>
</xsl:element>
</xsl:template>
<!-- actually, figuring the following step out is what hung me up; the -->
<!-- issue here is that i'm taking the text out of the string/integer/date -->
<!-- nodes and putting them into elements named after the 'key' nodes -->
<!-- because of this, you actually have to have the template match the -->
<!-- nodes you will be consuming and then just using the conditional -->
<!-- to only process the 'key' nodes. also, there were a couple of -->
<!-- stray characters in the source XML; i think it was an encoding -->
<!-- issue, so i just stripped them out with the "translate" call when -->
<!-- creating the keyName variable. since those were the only two -->
<!-- and because they looked to be strays, i did not worry about it -->
<!-- further. the only reason it is an issue is because i was -->
<!-- creating elements out of the contents of the keys, and key names -->
<!-- are restricted in what characters they can use. -->
<xsl:template match="key|string|integer|date" priority="1" >
<xsl:if test="local-name(self::node())='key'">
<xsl:variable name="keyName" select="translate(child::text(),' €™','---')" />
<xsl:element name="{$keyName}" xmlns="http://www.tempuri.org/plist" >
<!-- removed on-the-fly; i had put this in while testing
<xsl:if test="local-name(following-sibling::node())='string'">
-->
<xsl:value-of select="following-sibling::node()" />
<!--
</xsl:if>
-->
</xsl:element>
</xsl:if>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
一个小的辅助类我做了（ XmlStringWriter.cs ）：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
namespace XSLTTest.Xml
{
public class XmlStringWriter :
XmlWriter
{
public static XmlStringWriter Create(XmlWriterSettings Settings)
{
return new XmlStringWriter(Settings);
}
public static XmlStringWriter Create()
{
return XmlStringWriter.Create(XmlStringWriter.XmlWriterSettings_display);
}
public static XmlWriterSettings XmlWriterSettings_display
{
get
{
XmlWriterSettings XWS = new XmlWriterSettings();
XWS.OmitXmlDeclaration = false; // make a choice?
XWS.NewLineHandling = NewLineHandling.Replace;
XWS.NewLineOnAttributes = false;
XWS.Indent = true;
XWS.IndentChars = "\t";
XWS.NewLineChars = Environment.NewLine;
//XWS.ConformanceLevel = ConformanceLevel.Fragment;
XWS.CloseOutput = false;
return XWS;
}
}
public override string ToString()
{
return myXMLStringBuilder.ToString();
}
//public static implicit operator XmlWriter(XmlStringWriter Me)
//{
// return Me.myXMLWriter;
//}
//--------------
protected StringBuilder myXMLStringBuilder = null;
protected XmlWriter myXMLWriter = null;
protected XmlStringWriter(XmlWriterSettings Settings)
{
myXMLStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
myXMLWriter = XmlWriter.Create(myXMLStringBuilder, Settings);
}
public override void Close()
{
myXMLWriter.Close();
}
public override void Flush()
{
myXMLWriter.Flush();
}
public override string LookupPrefix(string ns)
{
return myXMLWriter.LookupPrefix(ns);
}
public override void WriteBase64(byte[] buffer, int index, int count)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteBase64(buffer, index, count);
}
public override void WriteCData(string text)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteCData(text);
}
public override void WriteCharEntity(char ch)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteCharEntity(ch);
}
public override void WriteChars(char[] buffer, int index, int count)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteChars(buffer, index, count);
}
public override void WriteComment(string text)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteComment(text);
}
public override void WriteDocType(string name, string pubid, string sysid, string subset)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteDocType(name, pubid, sysid, subset);
}
public override void WriteEndAttribute()
{
myXMLWriter.WriteEndAttribute();
}
public override void WriteEndDocument()
{
myXMLWriter.WriteEndDocument();
}
public override void WriteEndElement()
{
myXMLWriter.WriteEndElement();
}
public override void WriteEntityRef(string name)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteEntityRef(name);
}
public override void WriteFullEndElement()
{
myXMLWriter.WriteFullEndElement();
}
public override void WriteProcessingInstruction(string name, string text)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteProcessingInstruction(name, text);
}
public override void WriteRaw(string data)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteRaw(data);
}
public override void WriteRaw(char[] buffer, int index, int count)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteRaw(buffer, index, count);
}
public override void WriteStartAttribute(string prefix, string localName, string ns)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteStartAttribute(prefix, localName, ns);
}
public override void WriteStartDocument(bool standalone)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteStartDocument(standalone);
}
public override void WriteStartDocument()
{
myXMLWriter.WriteStartDocument();
}
public override void WriteStartElement(string prefix, string localName, string ns)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteStartElement(prefix, localName, ns);
}
public override WriteState WriteState
{
get
{
return myXMLWriter.WriteState;
}
}
public override void WriteString(string text)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteString(text);
}
public override void WriteSurrogateCharEntity(char lowChar, char highChar)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteSurrogateCharEntity(lowChar, highChar);
}
public override void WriteWhitespace(string ws)
{
myXMLWriter.WriteWhitespace(ws);
}
}
}
Windows窗体设计器类（ frmXSLTTest.Designer.cs ）
namespace XSLTTest
{
partial class frmXSLTTest
{
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.splitContainer1 = new System.Windows.Forms.SplitContainer();
this.btnTransform = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.groupBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();
this.txtStylesheet = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.splitContainer2 = new System.Windows.Forms.SplitContainer();
this.groupBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();
this.txtInputXML = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.groupBox3 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();
this.txtOutputXML = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.splitContainer1)).BeginInit();
this.splitContainer1.Panel1.SuspendLayout();
this.splitContainer1.Panel2.SuspendLayout();
this.splitContainer1.SuspendLayout();
this.groupBox1.SuspendLayout();
((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.splitContainer2)).BeginInit();
this.splitContainer2.Panel1.SuspendLayout();
this.splitContainer2.Panel2.SuspendLayout();
this.splitContainer2.SuspendLayout();
this.groupBox2.SuspendLayout();
this.groupBox3.SuspendLayout();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// splitContainer1
//
this.splitContainer1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;
this.splitContainer1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
this.splitContainer1.Name = "splitContainer1";
this.splitContainer1.Orientation = System.Windows.Forms.Orientation.Horizontal;
//
// splitContainer1.Panel1
//
this.splitContainer1.Panel1.Controls.Add(this.btnTransform);
this.splitContainer1.Panel1.Controls.Add(this.groupBox1);
//
// splitContainer1.Panel2
//
this.splitContainer1.Panel2.Controls.Add(this.splitContainer2);
this.splitContainer1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(788, 363);
this.splitContainer1.SplitterDistance = 194;
this.splitContainer1.TabIndex = 0;
//
// btnTransform
//
this.btnTransform.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));
this.btnTransform.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(6, 167);
this.btnTransform.Name = "btnTransform";
this.btnTransform.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23);
this.btnTransform.TabIndex = 1;
this.btnTransform.Text = "Transform";
this.btnTransform.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
this.btnTransform.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnTransform_Click);
//
// groupBox1
//
this.groupBox1.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Top | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom)
| System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)
| System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Right)));
this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.txtStylesheet);
this.groupBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(3, 3);
this.groupBox1.Name = "groupBox1";
this.groupBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(782, 161);
this.groupBox1.TabIndex = 0;
this.groupBox1.TabStop = false;
this.groupBox1.Text = "Stylesheet";
//
// txtStylesheet
//
this.txtStylesheet.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;
this.txtStylesheet.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Lucida Console", 7F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((byte)(0)));
this.txtStylesheet.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(3, 16);
this.txtStylesheet.MaxLength = 1000000;
this.txtStylesheet.Multiline = true;
this.txtStylesheet.Name = "txtStylesheet";
this.txtStylesheet.ScrollBars = System.Windows.Forms.ScrollBars.Both;
this.txtStylesheet.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(776, 142);
this.txtStylesheet.TabIndex = 0;
//
// splitContainer2
//
this.splitContainer2.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;
this.splitContainer2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
this.splitContainer2.Name = "splitContainer2";
//
// splitContainer2.Panel1
//
this.splitContainer2.Panel1.Controls.Add(this.groupBox2);
//
// splitContainer2.Panel2
//
this.splitContainer2.Panel2.Controls.Add(this.groupBox3);
this.splitContainer2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(788, 165);
this.splitContainer2.SplitterDistance = 395;
this.splitContainer2.TabIndex = 0;
//
// groupBox2
//
this.groupBox2.Controls.Add(this.txtInputXML);
this.groupBox2.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;
this.groupBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
this.groupBox2.Name = "groupBox2";
this.groupBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(395, 165);
this.groupBox2.TabIndex = 1;
this.groupBox2.TabStop = false;
this.groupBox2.Text = "Input XML";
//
// txtInputXML
//
this.txtInputXML.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;
this.txtInputXML.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Lucida Console", 7F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((byte)(0)));
this.txtInputXML.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(3, 16);
this.txtInputXML.MaxLength = 1000000;
this.txtInputXML.Multiline = true;
this.txtInputXML.Name = "txtInputXML";
this.txtInputXML.ScrollBars = System.Windows.Forms.ScrollBars.Both;
this.txtInputXML.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(389, 146);
this.txtInputXML.TabIndex = 1;
//
// groupBox3
//
this.groupBox3.Controls.Add(this.txtOutputXML);
this.groupBox3.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;
this.groupBox3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
this.groupBox3.Name = "groupBox3";
this.groupBox3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(389, 165);
this.groupBox3.TabIndex = 1;
this.groupBox3.TabStop = false;
this.groupBox3.Text = "Output XML";
//
// txtOutputXML
//
this.txtOutputXML.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;
this.txtOutputXML.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Lucida Console", 7F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((byte)(0)));
this.txtOutputXML.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(3, 16);
this.txtOutputXML.MaxLength = 1000000;
this.txtOutputXML.Multiline = true;
this.txtOutputXML.Name = "txtOutputXML";
this.txtOutputXML.ScrollBars = System.Windows.Forms.ScrollBars.Both;
this.txtOutputXML.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(383, 146);
this.txtOutputXML.TabIndex = 1;
//
// frmXSLTTest
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 13F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(788, 363);
this.Controls.Add(this.splitContainer1);
this.Name = "frmXSLTTest";
this.Text = "frmXSLTTest";
this.splitContainer1.Panel1.ResumeLayout(false);
this.splitContainer1.Panel2.ResumeLayout(false);
((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.splitContainer1)).EndInit();
this.splitContainer1.ResumeLayout(false);
this.groupBox1.ResumeLayout(false);
this.groupBox1.PerformLayout();
this.splitContainer2.Panel1.ResumeLayout(false);
this.splitContainer2.Panel2.ResumeLayout(false);
((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.splitContainer2)).EndInit();
this.splitContainer2.ResumeLayout(false);
this.groupBox2.ResumeLayout(false);
this.groupBox2.PerformLayout();
this.groupBox3.ResumeLayout(false);
this.groupBox3.PerformLayout();
this.ResumeLayout(false);
}
#endregion
private System.Windows.Forms.SplitContainer splitContainer1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnTransform;
private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox1;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtStylesheet;
private System.Windows.Forms.SplitContainer splitContainer2;
private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox2;
private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox3;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtInputXML;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtOutputXML;
}
}
表格类（ frmXSLTTest的.cs ）：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Xsl;
using XSLTTest.Xml;
namespace XSLTTest
{
public partial class frmXSLTTest : Form
{
public frmXSLTTest()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void btnTransform_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
// temporary to copy from clipboard when pressing
// the button instead of using the text in the textbox
//txtStylesheet.Text = Clipboard.GetText();
XmlDocument Stylesheet = new XmlDocument();
Stylesheet.InnerXml = txtStylesheet.Text;
XslCompiledTransform XCT = new XslCompiledTransform(true);
XCT.Load(Stylesheet);
XmlDocument InputDocument = new XmlDocument();
InputDocument.InnerXml = txtInputXML.Text;
XmlStringWriter OutputWriter = XmlStringWriter.Create();
XCT.Transform(InputDocument, OutputWriter);
txtOutputXML.Text = OutputWriter.ToString();
}
catch (Exception Ex)
{
txtOutputXML.Text = Ex.Message;
}
}
}
}
这篇关于解析XML的Mac的plist到的东西可读的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
