Linux程序在运行时找不到共享库 [英] Linux Program can't find Shared Library at run-time

问题描述

我试图编译一个linux程序，id3v2，它说它找不到合适的库：

I'm trying to compile a linux program, id3v2, and it says it is can't find the appropriate library:

id3v2: error while loading shared libraries: libid3-3.8.so.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

我猜这是拉动lidid3库的部分？

I'm guessing that this is the part that pulls in the lidid3 library?

文件DOES存在，但是，他们正在寻找实际上是一个符号链接：

The file DOES exist, however, what they are looking for is actually a symbolic link to:

ibid3-3.8.so.3.0.0

"ibid3-3.8.so.3.0.0"

我想知道这是否是一个问题它不能跟随符号链接？也许我可以手动改变它寻找0.0，如果我知道我在哪里寻找改变它。

I'm wondering if it is an issue with it not being able to follow symbolic links? Perhaps I could manually change it to look for 0.0 if I knew where I was looking to change it.

我很高兴澄清任何细节。

I'm happy to clarify any details.

看起来包括以下列方式完成：

It looks like the includes are done in the following manner:

id3v2:  convert.o list.o id3v2.o genre.o
        ${CXX} ${LDFLAGS} -pedantic -Wall -g -o $@ $^ -lz -lid3

使用西蒙的建议，找出有多个地方，人们可能期望一个图书馆。我创建一个符号链接，程序链接到ACTUAL文件。

I was able to use Simon's advice to figure out that there were multiple spots where one might expect a library. I create a symbolic link where the program was linking to the ACTUAL file.

谢谢Simon！

推荐答案

您已经构建了一个动态链接的可执行文件，它希望链接到libid3-3.8.so。 3在执行时。这在构建阶段可能与 -L / path / to / libid3 / directory -lid3 有关。

You have built a dynamically-linked executable, that wishes to be linked against libid3-3.8.so.3 at execution time. This was likely linked during the build phase with something like -L/path/to/libid3/directory -lid3.

您有一些选项可使 libid3 可用，通常按优先顺序排列（因为您没有提及文件的位置，我只能是一般的）：

You have a few options to make libid3 available, in generally decreasing order of preference (since you didn't mention where the file was, I can only be general):

• 创建一个符号链接到 libid3 * 在 /etc/ld.so.conf （或 / lib 或 / usr / lib ）


• 将 libid3 * 复制到 / etc /ld.so.conf （或 / lib 或 / usr / lib ）默认值）


• 将包含 libid3 * 的目录添加到 /etc/ld.so.conf


• 在运行您的id3v2可执行文件之前，将 LD_LIBRARY_PATH = / directory / path /设置为/ libid3 *
  
• 静态地重新编译 id3v2 。

• Create a symlink to libid3* in a directory listed in /etc/ld.so.conf (or /lib or /usr/lib)
• Copy libid3* to a directory listed in /etc/ld.so.conf (or /lib or /usr/lib) (defaults)
• Add the directory containing libid3* to /etc/ld.so.conf
• Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/directory/path/to/libid3* before running your id3v2 executable.
• Recompile id3v2 statically. (It will work, but don't bother.)

在任何前3个之后，重新运行 ldconfig ，以便更新链接器缓存。 （您可以运行 ldconfig -v 以验证它是否可解析。）

After any of the first 3, rerun ldconfig so the linker cache is updated. (You can then run ldconfig -v to verify it's resolvable.)

注意这些不是步骤， '选项。你只需要做其中的1个。

Note those aren't steps, they're options. You only need to do 1 of them.

很高兴你更新了标题。 #include 指令与链接无关。

Glad you updated the title. #include directives have nothing to do with linking.

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