Javascript类 [英] Javascript class

问题描述

我是javascript新手。

我如何在javascript中声明一个类，例如使用名为username的属性。

然后在username属性值后运行一个函数。

在C＃中它是这样的：

I'm new in javascript.
How can I declare a class in javascript for example with property that named username.
then after username property valued a function is run.
In C# it is something like this :

public int M_A
    {
        get
        {
             return m_a;
        }
        set
        {
             m_a = value;
             RunFunction();    
        }
     }

推荐答案

Javascript没有基于类的继承，它使用基于原型的。此外，它不提供对getter和setter的支持（在大多数版本中）。

Javascript doesn't have a class-based inheritance, it uses a prototype-based. Additionally, it doesn't provide support for getters and setters (in most versions).

这里是一个写您的例子的方法：

Here would be one way to write your example:

var ExampleClass = function(){
  var _m_a;//private instance
  this.m_a = function(){
    if(arguments.length){
      _m_a = arguments[0];
    }else{
      return _m_a;
    }
  };
};

用法：

var inst = new ExampleClass();
inst.m_a(5);//provide an argument to set it
console.log(inst.m_a());//no arguments to get it

由于我们只是近似类系统，实际上有几种方法。这是另一个：

Since we're just approximating a class system, there's actually a couple ways to do this. Here's another:

var ExampleClass = function(){
  this._m_a = null;
};
ExampleClass.prototype.get_m_a = function(){
  return this._m_a;
};
ExampleClass.prototype.set_m_a = function(value){
  this._m_a = value;
};

用法：

var inst = new ExampleClass();
inst.set_m_a(5);
console.log(inst.get_m_a());
console.log(inst._m_a);//annoying thing is the private property is accessible

为了更好地理解原型继承和javascript类系统，请查看这些帖子：

For a better understanding of prototypal inheritance and javascript class systems, check out these posts:

• John Resig（jQuery的创建者）的简单JavaScript继承


• Douglas Crockford的JavaScript中的古典继承


• JS类 - JavaScript的类框架

• Simple JavaScript Inheritance by John Resig (creator of jQuery)
• Classical Inheritance in JavaScript by Douglas Crockford
• JS Class - a Class framework for javascript

这篇关于Javascript类的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！