调用__init__中的类函数 [英] Calling a class function inside of __init__

问题描述

我写了一些代码，需要一个文件名，打开文件，并解析出一些数据。我想在一个类中这样做。以下代码适用于：

I'm writing some code that takes a filename, opens the file, and parses out some data. I'd like to do this in a class. The following code works:

class MyClass():
    def __init__(self, filename):
        self.filename = filename 

        self.stat1 = None
        self.stat2 = None
        self.stat3 = None
        self.stat4 = None
        self.stat5 = None

        def parse_file():
            #do some parsing
            self.stat1 = result_from_parse1
            self.stat2 = result_from_parse2
            self.stat3 = result_from_parse3
            self.stat4 = result_from_parse4
            self.stat5 = result_from_parse5

        parse_file()

但它涉及我把所有的解析机制放在我的类的 __ init __ 函数的范围内。现在对于这个简化的代码看起来不错，但是函数 parse_file 也有相当数量的缩进。我更喜欢定义函数 parse_file（）作为类函数，如下所示：

But it involves me putting all of the parsing machinery in the scope of the __init__ function for my class. That looks fine now for this simplified code, but the function parse_file has quite a few levels of indention as well. I'd prefer to define the function parse_file() as a class function like below:

class MyClass():
    def __init__(self, filename):
        self.filename = filename 

        self.stat1 = None
        self.stat2 = None
        self.stat3 = None
        self.stat4 = None
        self.stat5 = None
        parse_file()

    def parse_file():
        #do some parsing
        self.stat1 = result_from_parse1
        self.stat2 = result_from_parse2
        self.stat3 = result_from_parse3
        self.stat4 = result_from_parse4
        self.stat5 = result_from_parse5

当然这个代码不工作，因为函数 parse_file （）不在 __ init __ 函数的作用域内。有没有办法从该类的 __ init __ 中调用类函数？

Of course this code doesn't work because the function parse_file() is not within the scope of the __init__ function. Is there a way to call a class function from within __init__ of that class? Or am I thinking about this the wrong way?

推荐答案

以这种方式调用函数：

self.parse_file()

你还需要像这样定义你的parse_file（）函数：

You also need to define your parse_file() function like this:

def parse_file(self):

parse_file方法在调用它时必须绑定到一个对象上（因为它不是一个静态方法）。这是通过调用对象的实例上的函数来完成的，在你的情况下实例是 self 。

The parse_file method has to be bound to an object upon calling it (because it's not a static method). This is done by calling the function on an instance of the object, in your case the instance is self.

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