cmake链接共享库 [英] cmake link shared library on Windows

问题描述

共有3个文件[ mc ， mh ， main.c ]。

There are 3 files [ m.c,m.h,main.c ].

mh

// m.h
int m();

mc

// m.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include "m.h"

int m(){
    printf("Hello,m!\n");
    return 0;
}

main.c

// main.c
#include "m.h"
int main(){
    return m();
}

$ b $ p

虽然我喜欢共享库CMakeLists.txt

While I prefer shared library(m.dll), I've made the CMakeLists.txt

    PROJECT("app1")
    ADD_LIBRARY(m SHARED m.c)
    ADD_EXECUTABLE(myexe main.c)
    TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(myexe m)

CMake配置完成并生成。打开app1.sln并使用Visual Studio构建，它会崩溃为 LNK1104：无法打开文件Debug \m.lib。它只能在 ADD_LIBRARY（）中使用 STATIC 。

CMake configuration done and generated done. Opening app1.sln and building with Visual Studio , it crashes as LNK1104:Can't open file "Debug\m.lib". It only works as STATIC at ADD_LIBRARY().Can explain why it doesn't work on Windows?

如果我有另一个共享库（mylib.dll），我如何调用其main.c和CMakeLists.txt文件中的函数？

If I got another shared library(mylib.dll),how could I invoke its functions in my main.c and CMakeLists.txt file?

推荐答案

在不同平台上的动态库链接之间也存在差异，这也需要一些额外的代码。好消息是，CMake可以帮助你。我发现 Gernot Klingler 非常有用：以下博文：

There are differences between dynamic library linking on different platforms which also needs some additional code. The good news is, that CMake can help you with this. I found the following blog post by Gernot Klingler very useful:

• 创建和使用共享库不同操作系统上的不同编译器

• Creating and using shared libraries with different compilers on different operating systems

简而言之，您需要为 code> mh 。否则构建过程将不会为名为 m.lib 的静态链接生成导入库（另见 CMAKE_IMPORT_LIBRARY_SUFFIX ）。

In short you need some "export prefix" defined for whatever is declared in m.h. Otherwise the build process will not generate an "import library" for statically linking named m.lib (see also CMAKE_IMPORT_LIBRARY_SUFFIX).

您的代码需要修改：

mh

#include "m_exports.h"

int M_EXPORTS m();

mc

#include "m.h"
#include <stdio.h>

int m(){
    printf("Hello,m!\n");
    return 0;
}

CMakeLists.txt
$ b

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0)

include(GenerateExportHeader)

PROJECT("app1")

INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES("${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}")
ADD_LIBRARY(m SHARED m.c m.h m_exports.h)
GENERATE_EXPORT_HEADER(m           
    BASE_NAME m
    EXPORT_MACRO_NAME M_EXPORTS
    EXPORT_FILE_NAME m_exports.h
    STATIC_DEFINE SHARED_EXPORTS_BUILT_AS_STATIC)

ADD_EXECUTABLE(myexe main.c)
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(myexe m)

其他参考

• GenerateExportHeader 宏


• cake和GenerateExportHeader


• 如何获取CMake创建一个dll及其匹配的lib文件？


• MSDN：演练：创建和使用动态链接库（C ++ ）

• GenerateExportHeader macro
• cmake and GenerateExportHeader
• How do I get CMake to create a dll and its matching lib file?
• MSDN: Walkthrough: Creating and Using a Dynamic Link Library (C++)

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