在Cocoa中构建服务器/客户端应用程序 [英] Building a Server/Client application in Cocoa

问题描述

我建立了一个相当简单的程序，它监视一个文件夹，操作文件，因为它们被添加，并提供了一个简单的进度视图。通过NSOperation的子类来监视文件夹，该子类通过NSNotificationCenter将NSDictionary中的信息传递到我的进度视图。

现在我需要打破并运行我的服务器上的监视文件夹/处理部分，并构建一个客户端来监视来自多个工作站的进度。我的问题是我不知道如何完成这一点，我的搜索并不真正帮助我。

似乎我得到了很多过时的解决方案（WebObjects，Portable Distributed Objects）或不完整的信息。看起来我想使用NSStream来回传递数据，但是我在NSStream上找到的一切看起来像是为客户端设置，因为它正在寻找一个IP地址。

解决方案

我会建立一个服务器，建议您使用 TCP 来执行此操作。因为（我假设）你正在为BSD编写这个软件（Mac OS X和iPhone都是BSD），你可以使用BSD C套接字，或者一个Objective-C包装器。客户端的一个好的库是 CocoaAsyncSocket 。我个人为TCP网络编写了一个名为 SocketKit 的轻量级Objective-C套接字类。该库的使用如下：

  //打开连接
 SKTCPSocket * socket = [[SKTCPSocket alloc ] initWithRemoteHost：@SERVER_IPport：SERVER_PORT]; 
 //写数据
 [socket writeData：someData]; 
 //读取数据
 NSData * someData = [socket readData：4]; 
 //关闭套接字
 [socket close]; 
 [socket release];从服务器的角度来看，您可以使用 SKTCPSocketServer <端口>侦听端口  
 / code> class：
  SKTCPSocket * aSocket = nil; 
 SKTCPSocketServer * server = [[SKTCPSocketServer alloc] initListeningOnPort：1337]; 
 @try {
 [server listen]; 
 while（（aSocket =（SKTCPSocket *）[server acceptConnection]）！= nil）{
 // a something with aSocket 
 [aSocket close]; 
} 
} @catch（NSException * e）{
 NSLog（@Exception：％@，e）; 
} 
 [server stopServer]; 
 [server release]; 
  
当然使用TCP套接字意味着编写自己的网络协议。一个简单的例子是发送一个四字节长度的字段，后跟一个NSDictionary的数据或某种性质的数据。这可以让你完成类似一个非常基本的分布式对象系统。
 
I built a fairly simple program that watches a folder, manipulates files as they are added, and gives a simple progress view of whats going on. The folder is watched via a subclass of NSOperation that passes information in an NSDictionary to my progress view, via the NSNotificationCenter. 

Now I need to break things up and run the watched folder/processing part on my server, and build a client to monitor the progress from multiple workstations. My problem is I don't know how to accomplish this and my searches aren't really helping me. 

It seems I'm getting a lot of out dated solutions (WebObjects, Portable Distributed Objects) or incomplete information. It seems like I'd want to use NSStream to pass data back and forth, but everything I find on NSStream looks like it's set up for client side because it's looking for an IP address. What would be the best way to go about setting up both a server, and a client to connect to it?
解决方案
I would suggest using TCP for something like this.  Since (I assume) you are writing this software for BSD (Mac OS X and iPhone are both BSD) you can use BSD C sockets, or an Objective-C wrapper for this.  One good library for a client is CocoaAsyncSocket.  I personally have written a lightweight Objective-C socket class for TCP networking called SocketKit.  Usage of this library is something as follows:
// open a connection
SKTCPSocket * socket = [[SKTCPSocket alloc] initWithRemoteHost:@"SERVER_IP" port:SERVER_PORT];
// write data
[socket writeData:someData];
// read data
NSData * someData = [socket readData:4];
// close the socket
[socket close];
[socket release];
From a server standpoint, you can listen on a port using the SKTCPSocketServer class:
SKTCPSocket * aSocket = nil;
SKTCPSocketServer * server = [[SKTCPSocketServer alloc] initListeningOnPort:1337];
@try {
    [server listen];
    while ((aSocket = (SKTCPSocket *)[server acceptConnection]) != nil) {
        // do something with aSocket
        [aSocket close];
    }
} @catch (NSException * e) {
    NSLog(@"Exception : %@", e);
}
[server stopServer];
[server release];
Of course using TCP sockets means writing your own network protocol.  A simple example would be sending a four byte length field, followed by the data of an NSDictionary or something of that nature.  This could allow you to accomplish something similar to a very basic Distributed Objects system.

                        
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