如何删除当前目录中与给定模式不匹配的某些文件？ [英] How do I delete certain files in the current directory that doesn't match the given pattern?

问题描述

使用 rm * .sh 删除以.sh结尾的文件是容易和可理解的。但是如何删除在 .jar
结束的当前目录中的所有文件，如 rm * -except * .jar

$ p> find。 - mindepth 1 --maxdepth 1！ -name'* .jar'| sort


如果你真的要删除其输出中的所有文件，

 查找。 -  mindepth 1 --maxdepth 1！ -name'* .jar'-delete 
  

您可以阅读find信息。

编辑：

由于-delete标志只存在于GNU find > 4.2.3（如SiegeX指出），这里有几个选项，它们也确保我们不会删除目录：

  find。 -  mindepth 1 --maxdepth 1！类型d！ -name'* .jar'-print0 | xargs -0 -r rm -f 
  

-r xargs标志是一个GNU扩展，稍微更便携（它工作在* BSD），但不干净：

 查找。 -  mindepth 1 --maxdepth 1！类型d！ -name'* .jar'-print0 | xargs -0 rm -f 
  

作为最后一个，但最便携的度假村：

 查找。 -  mindepth 1 --maxdepth 1！类型d！ -name'* .jar'-exec rm'{}'';'
  

为每个文件单独调用rm，这使得它明显更慢。

using rm *.sh to delete files ending in .sh is easy and understandable. But how do i delete all files in the current directory that does not end in .jar something like rm * -except *.jar

解决方案

Try this:

find . -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 ! -name '*.jar' | sort

If you really want to delete all the files in its output, then just do

find . -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 ! -name '*.jar' -delete

You can read the find(1) manual page for more information on this really powerful tool.

EDIT:

Since the -delete flag is only found in GNU find > 4.2.3 (as pointed out by SiegeX), here are a couple of alternatives, which also make sure we are not trying to delete directories:

find . -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 ! -type d ! -name '*.jar' -print0 | xargs -0 -r rm -f

The -r xargs flags is a GNU extension, so this is slightly more portable (it works on *BSD), but not as clean:

find . -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 ! -type d ! -name '*.jar' -print0 | xargs -0 rm -f

As a last - but most portable - resort:

find . -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 ! -type d ! -name '*.jar' -exec rm '{}' ';'

This has the disadvantage of invoking rm separately for each file, which makes it significantly slower.

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