创建JVM编程语言 [英] Create a JVM programming language

问题描述

我已经在C（使用lex& bison）中创建了一个编译器，用于支持循环，函数中的函数声明，递归调用等的动态类型编程语言。我还创建了一个虚拟机，用于运行中间代码编译器。

I have created a compiler in C (using lex & bison) for a dynamic typed programming language that supports loops, functions declarations inside functions, recursive calls etc. I also created a virtual machine for that runs the intermediate code created by the compiler.

我现在想，而不是编译到我自己的中间代码，编译为java字节代码。

I was now thinking instead of compiling to my own intermediate code, compile it to java byte code.

我看到有关创建JVM语言的问题已经问题，但我没有找到答案非常翔实。

I saw that the question about creating a JVM language has already been asked but I don't find the answer very informative.

这里是我的问题： / p>

So here are my questions:

1. 我想为JVM创建语言必须是读取 JVM规范书，你能建议什么其他书（当然除了Dragon Book）？


2. 有许多Java库可以读取，写入和更改.class文件，例如< a href =http://www.ej-technologies.com/products/jclasslib/overview.html =nofollow noreferrer> jclasslib ， bcel ， gnu字节码，等等。你会建议哪一个？


3. 我想要看看可能是另一种面向JVM的语言，比如Clojure，Jython或JRuby。但是所有这些语言都非常高级和复杂（为它们创建一个编译器）。我正在寻找一个更简单的（我不介意它是未知或未使用）编程语言的目标JVM和它的编译器是开源。任何想法？

1. I guess to create a language for JVM a must is to read the JVM specification book, what other books can you suggest (except Dragon Book of course)? I'm mostly concerned in books or tutorials on how to create a JVM language, not a compiler in general.
2. There are many Java libraries to read, write and change .class files like jclasslib, bcel, gnu bytecode, etc. Which one would you suggest? Also, are you aware of C libraries that do the same job?
3. I was thinking to have a look at maybe another language that targets the JVM like Clojure, Jython or JRuby. But all these languages are very high level and complicated (to create a compiler for them). I was looking for a simpler (I don't mind it it's unknown or unused) programming language that targets the JVM and it's compiler is open source. Any ideas?

推荐答案

我也建议使用ASM， =http://jasmin.sourceforge.net/ =nofollow noreferrer> Jasmin ，我用它（或：不得不使用它）一个大学项目，它的工作相当不错，我使用java和jasmin为程序语言编写了一个lexer / parse / analyzer / optimizer / generator组合，因此生成JVM代码。我上传了代码这里，有趣的部分应该是源代码本身。在文件夹bytecode / InsanelyFastByteCodeCreator.java中，您会发现一个代码块，它将AST树转换为jasmin汇编器的输入格式。很简单。

I would also recommend ASM, but have a look at Jasmin, I used it (or: had to use it) for an university-project, and it works quite well, I wrote a lexer/parse/analyzer/optimizer/generator combination for a programing-language using java and jasmin, so generating JVM Code. I uploaded the code here, the interesting part should be the source-code itself. In the folder "bytecode/InsanelyFastByteCodeCreator.java" you find a pice of code which transforms an AST Tree into the input format of jasmin assembler. Is quite straight forward.

源语言（由Lexer + Parser + Analyzer转换为AST）是Java的一个子集，称为MiniJava。它缺少一些复杂的功能，如继承，构造函数，静态方法，私有字段/方法。这些功能都不难实现，但是还有一个任务是写一个X86后端（以便生成机器汇编程序），如果没有处理某些东西的JVM，这些东西就会变得很困难。

The source-language (which was tranformed to the AST by Lexer+Parser+Analyzer) is a subset of Java called MiniJava. It lacks some "complicated" features like Inheritance, Constructors, static methods, private fields/methods. None of those features are difficult to implement, but there was another task to write an X86 backend (so to generate machine-assembler), and those things tend to get difficult if you got no JVM which handles some things.

如果你想知道奇怪的类名：大学项目的任务是将AST转换为aa SSA 图形（因此代表输入代码的图形），然后优化图形，然后将图形转换为java字节代码。这是项目的大约3/4的工作，InsanlyFastByteCodeCreator只是一个捷径来测试一切。

In case you wonder about the strange Class name: The task of the university project was to transform the AST into a a SSA Graph (so a graph representing the input code), then optimize the graph and then turn the graph into java byte code. That was about 3/4 of the work of the project and the InsanlyFastByteCodeCreator was just a short-cut to test everything.

看看 Java虚拟机一书，来自Jon Meyer和Troy Downing。这本书大量引用了Jasmin-Assembler，它对理解JVM内部结构非常有帮助。

Have a look at the "Java Virtual Machine" book from Jon Meyer and Troy Downing. This book heavily references the Jasmin-Assembler, it's quite helpful for understanding the JVM internals.

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