如何从C代码调用Python代码？ [英] How do you call Python code from C code?

问题描述

我想扩展一个大型的C项目有一些新的功能，但我真的想写它在Python。基本上，我想从C代码调用Python代码。但是，像SWIG这样的Python-> C包装器允许使用OPPOSITE，即编写C模块和从Python调用C。

我正在考虑使用IPC或RPC （我不介意有多个进程）;也就是说，让我的纯Python组件在一个单独的进程（在同一台机器上）运行，并让我的C项目通过从套接字（或unix管道）写/读来与它通信。我的python组件可以读/写socket以进行通信。这是一个合理的方法吗？有更好的东西吗？像一些特殊的RPC机制？

感谢您的答案 - 然而，我想关注基于IPC的方法，因为我想有我的Python程序在一个单独的进程中作为我的C程序。我不想嵌入一个Python解释器。感谢！

解决方案

我推荐这里详述的方法。它首先解释如何执行Python代码字符串，然后从那里详细说明如何设置一个Python环境与C程序交互，从C代码调用Python函数，从C代码处理Python对象等。 p>

EDIT ：如果你真的想去IPC的路由，那么你需要使用 struct模块或更好， protlib 。 Python和C进程之间的大多数通信都围绕着来回传递结构，或者通过套接字< a>或通过共享内存。

我建议用字段和代码创建一个命令结构来表示命令及其参数。我不能提供更多具体的建议，但不知道更多关于你想要完成什么，但一般来说，我建议 protlib 库，因为它是我用来在C和Python程序之间通信的（免责声明：我是protlib的作者）。

I want to extend a large C project with some new functionality, but I really want to write it in Python. Basically, I want to call Python code from C code. However, Python->C wrappers like SWIG allow for the OPPOSITE, that is writing C modules and calling C from Python.

I'm considering an approach involving IPC or RPC (I don't mind having multiple processes); that is, having my pure-Python component run in a separate process (on the same machine) and having my C project communicate with it by writing/reading from a socket (or unix pipe). my python component can read/write to socket to communicate. Is that a reasonable approach? Is there something better? Like some special RPC mechanism?

Thanks for the answer so far - however, i'd like to focus on IPC-based approaches since I want to have my Python program in a separate process as my C program. I don't want to embed a Python interpreter. Thanks!

解决方案

I recommend the approaches detailed here. It starts by explaining how to execute strings of Python code, then from there details how to set up a Python environment to interact with your C program, call Python functions from your C code, manipulate Python objects from your C code, etc.

EDIT: If you really want to go the route of IPC, then you'll want to use the struct module or better yet, protlib. Most communication between a Python and C process revolves around passing structs back and forth, either over a socket or through shared memory.

I recommend creating a Command struct with fields and codes to represent commands and their arguments. I can't give much more specific advice without knowing more about what you want to accomplish, but in general I recommend the protlib library, since it's what I use to communicate between C and Python programs (disclaimer: I am the author of protlib).

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