如何在Cucumber Java中的步骤之间传递变量值？ [英] How to pass variable values between steps in Cucumber Java?

问题描述

我有一个变量，我想跨所有步骤传递此变量。
任何人都可以用代码片段示例建议如何在步骤之间传递一个变量值。

I have a variable and I want to pass this variable across all the steps. Anyone can suggest with an code snippet example please on how to pass a variable value between the steps please. Any help will be highly appreciated.

推荐答案

在Cucumber for Java（cucumber-jvm）中，数据之间的步骤是使用依赖集成（DI）容器 - 其中几个已经与Cucumber集成。

In Cucumber for Java (cucumber-jvm) the intended way of sharing data between steps is to use a dependency integration (DI) container - several of which have been integrated with Cucumber.

使用DI的方法稍有不同，从容器到容器，但这里是使用PicoContainer的示例：

The method in which you use DI varies slightly from container to container, but here's an example using PicoContainer:

// MySharedData.java
public class MySharedData {
    public String stringData;
}

// SomeStepDefs.java
public class SomeStepDefs {
    private MySharedData sharedData;

    public SomeStepDefs(MySharedData sharedData) {
        this.sharedData = sharedData;
    }

    // StepDefs omitted
}

// MoreStepDefs.java
public class MoreStepDefs {
    private MySharedData sharedData;

    public MoreStepDefs(MySharedData sharedData) {
        this.sharedData = sharedData;
    }

    // StepDefs omitted
}

DI容器将确保为每个场景创建一个 MySharedData的单个实例，并传递到每个需要它的步骤定义类。这种方法的好处是Cucumber确保没有共享状态在场景之间泄漏，因为注入的依赖是为每个场景重新创建的。

The DI container will ensure that a single instance of MySharedData is created for each scenario and is passed to every step definition class that requires it. The benefit of this approach is that Cucumber ensures that no shared state leaks between scenarios, because the injected dependency is created afresh for each scenario.

上面的例子使用构造函数注入因此注入的依赖由构造函数参数指定），但是其他DI容器也支持其他注入机制，例如Spring的 @Autowired 。

The example above uses constructor injection (so the injected dependency is specified by a constructor parameter) but other DI containers also support other injection mechanisms, such as Spring's @Autowired.

要获得Cucumber使用DI，你需要选择一个（并且只有一个）DI集成，并将它包括在你的类路径（或在你的POM）。选择是：

To get Cucumber to use DI you'll need to choose one (and only one) of the DI integrations and include it on your classpath (or in your POM). The choice is between:

• PicoContainer（cucumber-picocontainer.jar）


• Guice guice.jar）


• Weld（cucumber-weld.jar）


• Spring（cucumber-spring.jar）


• OpenEJB（cucumber-openejb.jar）

• PicoContainer (cucumber-picocontainer.jar)
• Guice (cucumber-guice.jar)
• Weld (cucumber-weld.jar)
• Spring (cucumber-spring.jar)
• OpenEJB (cucumber-openejb.jar)

您还需要安装所选的DI容器本身，因为Cucumber jar仅提供Cucumber和DI容器之间的集成。

You'll also need to install the selected DI container itself, because the Cucumber jars only provide the integration between Cucumber and the DI container.

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