正则表达式（grep）需要多行搜索 [英] Regex (grep) for multi-line search needed

问题描述

可能重复：

如何在文件中搜索多行模式？使用pcregrep

我正在运行 grep 找到任何具有选择，后跟词 customerName 的* .sql文件由从。此select语句可以跨多行，并且可以包含制表符和换行符。

I'm running a grep to find any *.sql file that has the word select followed by the word customerName followed by the word from. This select statement can span many lines and can contain tabs and newlines.

我尝试过以下几种变体：

I've tried a few variations on the following:

$ grep -liIr --include="*.sql" --exclude-dir="\.svn*" --regexp="select[a-zA-Z0-
9+\n\r]*customerName[a-zA-Z0-9+\n\r]*from"

$ customerName [a-zA-Z0-9 + \\\
\r] p>但是，这只是永远运行。任何人都可以帮助我正确的语法吗？

This, however, just runs forever. Can anyone help me with the correct syntax please?

推荐答案

无需安装grep变体pcregrep，您可以使用grep进行多行搜索。

Without the need to install the grep variant pcregrep, you can do multiline search with grep.

$ grep -Pzo "(?s)^(\s*)\N*main.*?{.*?^\1}" *.c

说明：

-P 为grep激活perl-regexp（正常扩展的强大扩展）

-P activate perl-regexp for grep (a powerful extension of regular extensions)

-z 在行尾禁用换行符，将其替换为空字符。也就是说，grep知道行尾是什么，但将输入视为一个大行。

-z suppress newline at the end of line, subtituting it for null character. That is, grep knows where end of line is, but sees the input as one big line.

-o 打印只匹配。因为我们使用 -z ，整个文件就像一个大行，所以如果有匹配，整个文件将被打印;

-o print only matching. Because we're using -z, the whole file is like a single big line, so if there is a match, the entire file would be printed; this way it won't do that.

（？）

s）激活 PCRE_DOTALL ，这意味着。找到任何字符或换行符

(?s) activate PCRE_DOTALL, which means that . finds any character or newline

\N 查找除换行符以外的任何内容，即使 PCRE_DOTALL

\N find anything except newline, even with PCRE_DOTALL activated

。*？在非法模式下查找。

^ 查找行首

\1 对第一组的反向引用（ \s * ）这是一个尝试找到相同缩进的方法

\1 backreference to first group (\s*) This is a try to find same indentation of method

你可以想象，这个搜索打印的主要方法在C（ *。c ）源文件。

As you can imagine, this search prints the main method in a C (*.c) source file.

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