如何使用django ORM在外键字段上连接两个表？ [英] How do you join two tables on a foreign key field using django ORM?

问题描述

让我们假设我有以下模型：

Let's assume I have the following models:

class Position(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField()

class PositionStats(models.Model):
    position = models.ForeignKey(Position)
    averageYards = models.CharField()
    averageCatches = models.CharField()

class PlayerStats(models.Model):
    player = models.ForeignKey(Player)
    averageYards = models.CharField()
    averageCatches = models.CharField()

class Player(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField()
    position = models.ForeignKey(Position)

我想使用django的ORM执行等效的SQL查询：

I want to perform the equivalent SQL query using django's ORM:

SELECT *

FROM PlayerStats

JOIN Player ON player

JOIN PositionStats ON PositionStats.position = Player.position

我如何使用django的ORM？查询不完全正确，但想法是我想要一个查询，使用django的ORM，给我 PlayerStats 加入 PositionStats 根据玩家的位置。

How would I do that with django's ORM? The query isn't exactly correct, but the idea is that I want a single query, using django's ORM, that gives me PlayerStats joined with PositionStats based on the player's position.

推荐答案

这不是一个查询，这对每个涉及的表执行一次查询，并在Python中连接它们。有关 prefetch_related 的详情： https ：//docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/models/querysets/#prefetch-related

It isn't one query, but it's pretty efficient. This does one query for each table involved, and joins them in Python. More on prefetch_related here: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/models/querysets/#prefetch-related

Player.objects.filter(name="Bob").prefetch_related(
        'position__positionstats_set', 'playerstats_set')

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