如何在大 pandas 时间间隔中间隔5分钟创建组ID? [英] how to create a group ID based on 5 minutes interval in pandas timeseries?
问题描述
我有一个时间序列数据框 df
看起来像这样(时间序列发生在同一天内,但在不同的时间段:
I have a timeseries dataframe df
looks like this (the time seris happen within same day, but across different hours:
id val
time
2014-04-03 16:01:53 23 14389
2014-04-03 16:01:54 28 14391
2014-04-03 16:05:55 24 14393
2014-04-03 16:06:25 23 14395
2014-04-03 16:07:01 23 14395
2014-04-03 16:10:09 23 14395
2014-04-03 16:10:23 26 14397
2014-04-03 16:10:57 26 14397
2014-04-03 16:11:10 26 14397
我需要每5个创建一个组分钟从开始 16:00:00
。那就是范围 16:00:00
到 16:05:00
的所有行,其值新列期间
是1.(每组中的行数是不规则的,所以我不能简单地剪切组)
I need to create group every 5 minutes from starting from 16:00:00
. That is all the rows with in the range 16:00:00
to 16:05:00
, its value of the new column period
is 1. (the number of rows within each group is irregular, so i can't simply cut the group)
最终,数据应该如下所示:
Eventually, the data should look like this:
id val period
time
2014-04-03 16:01:53 23 14389 1
2014-04-03 16:01:54 28 14391 1
2014-04-03 16:05:55 24 14393 2
2014-04-03 16:06:25 23 14395 2
2014-04-03 16:07:01 23 14395 2
2014-04-03 16:10:09 23 14395 3
2014-04-03 16:10:23 26 14397 3
2014-04-03 16:10:57 26 14397 3
2014-04-03 16:11:10 26 14397 3
目的是执行一些 groupby
操作,但我需要做的操作不包括在 pd.resample(how ='')
方法中。因此,我必须创建一个期间
列来标识每个组,然后执行 df.groupby('period')。apply(myfunc)
。
The purpose is to perform some groupby
operation, but the operation I need to do is not included in pd.resample(how=' ')
method. So I have to create a period
column to identify each group, then do df.groupby('period').apply(myfunc)
.
非常感谢任何帮助或意见。
Any help or comments are highly appreciated.
谢谢!
推荐答案
您可以在 groupy / apply中使用
。使用 TimeGrouper
函数 TimeGrouper
,您不需要创建期间列。我知道你不想计算平均值,但我会用它作为一个例子:
You can use the TimeGrouper
function in a groupy/apply
. With a TimeGrouper
you don't need to create your period column. I know you're not trying to compute the mean but I will use it as an example:
>>> df.groupby(pd.TimeGrouper('5Min'))['val'].mean()
time
2014-04-03 16:00:00 14390.000000
2014-04-03 16:05:00 14394.333333
2014-04-03 16:10:00 14396.500000
或者一个具有明确的的示例应用
:
>>> df.groupby(pd.TimeGrouper('5Min'))['val'].apply(lambda x: len(x) > 3)
time
2014-04-03 16:00:00 False
2014-04-03 16:05:00 False
2014-04-03 16:10:00 True
Doctstring for TimeGrouper
:
Doctstring for TimeGrouper
:
Docstring for resample:class TimeGrouper@21
TimeGrouper(self, freq = 'Min', closed = None, label = None,
how = 'mean', nperiods = None, axis = 0, fill_method = None,
limit = None, loffset = None, kind = None, convention = None, base = 0,
**kwargs)
Custom groupby class for time-interval grouping
Parameters
----------
freq : pandas date offset or offset alias for identifying bin edges
closed : closed end of interval; left or right
label : interval boundary to use for labeling; left or right
nperiods : optional, integer
convention : {'start', 'end', 'e', 's'}
If axis is PeriodIndex
Notes
-----
Use begin, end, nperiods to generate intervals that cannot be derived
directly from the associated object
编辑
我不知道一个优雅的方式来创建期间列,但以下内容将起作用:
I don't know of an elegant way to create the period column, but the following will work:
>>> new = df.groupby(pd.TimeGrouper('5Min'),as_index=False).apply(lambda x: x['val'])
>>> df['period'] = new.index.get_level_values(0)
>>> df
id val period
time
2014-04-03 16:01:53 23 14389 0
2014-04-03 16:01:54 28 14391 0
2014-04-03 16:05:55 24 14393 1
2014-04-03 16:06:25 23 14395 1
2014-04-03 16:07:01 23 14395 1
2014-04-03 16:10:09 23 14395 2
2014-04-03 16:10:23 26 14397 2
2014-04-03 16:10:57 26 14397 2
2014-04-03 16:11:10 26 14397 2
它工作是因为在这里使用as_index = False的groupby实际上返回你想要的作为多个索引的一部分的句点列,而我只是抓住该多索引的一部分,并分配到原始数据帧中的一个新列。你可以在申请中做任何事情,我只想要索引:
It works because the groupby here with as_index=False actually returns the period column you want as the part of the multiindex and I just grab that part of the multiindex and assign to a new column in the orginal dataframe. You could do anything in the apply, I just want the index:
>>> new
time
0 2014-04-03 16:01:53 14389
2014-04-03 16:01:54 14391
1 2014-04-03 16:05:55 14393
2014-04-03 16:06:25 14395
2014-04-03 16:07:01 14395
2 2014-04-03 16:10:09 14395
2014-04-03 16:10:23 14397
2014-04-03 16:10:57 14397
2014-04-03 16:11:10 14397
>>> new.index.get_level_values(0)
Int64Index([0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2], dtype='int64')
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