未使用的接口引用不会被破坏 [英] Unused interface reference is not destroyed

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问题描述

我在应用程序中出现了另一个错误,导致了Delphi界面的不小心使用。当我将接口传递给忽略该参数的过程时,实例永远不会被释放。请参阅以下简单示例:

  ITest = interface 
procedure Test;
结束

Tester = class(TInterfacedObject,ITest)
public
procedure Test;
结束

Base = class
public
procedure UseTestOrNot(test:ITest);虚拟;抽象;
结束

A = class(Base)
public
procedure UseTestOrNot(test:ITest);覆盖
结束

B = class(Base)
public
procedure UseTestOrNot(test:ITest);覆盖
结束

{A}

程序A.UseTestOrNot(test:ITest);
begin
test.Test();
结束

{B}

程序B.UseTestOrNot(test:ITest);
begin
WriteLn('No test here');
结束

// --------测试------------------------------- --------
var
list:TObjectList< Base> ;;
x:Base;
t:ITest;
begin
ReportMemoryLeaksOnShutdown:= true;

list:= TObjectList< Base> .Create;
list.Add(A.Create);
list.Add(B.Create);

// 1 x列表中每个B的测试程序泄漏:
在列表中的x
x.UseTestOrNot(Tester.Create);

//这是可以的
for x在列表中do
begin
t:= Tester.Create;
x.UseTestOrNot(t);
结束

list.Free;
结束。可以请你解释一下引用计数器出了什么问题吗?


你可以给出任何最佳做法/指南(例如永远不要在函数调用中创建一个接口实例[如果你不知道内部发生什么])。



我可以想到的这个例子的最好的解决方案是在类Base中编写一个模板方法,保存传递的测试实例并调用抽象的 DoUseTestOrNot 方法。



编辑
Delphi 2010

解决方案


这是错误的不同表现这里

我将其添加到QC报告中



这不再在Delphi XE更新1中复制。



- jeroen


i had another bug in my app caused by careless usage of Delphi interfaces. When i pass an interface to a procedure which ignores that argument, the instance is never freed. See the following simple example:

ITest = interface
    procedure Test;
end;

Tester = class(TInterfacedObject, ITest)
public
    procedure Test;
end;

Base = class
public
    procedure UseTestOrNot(test : ITest); virtual; abstract;
end;

A = class(Base)
public
    procedure UseTestOrNot(test : ITest); override;
end;

B = class(Base)
public
    procedure UseTestOrNot(test : ITest); override;
end;

{ A }

procedure A.UseTestOrNot(test: ITest);
begin
    test.Test();
end;

{ B }

procedure B.UseTestOrNot(test: ITest);
begin
    WriteLn('No test here');
end;

// -------- Test ---------------------------------------
var
    list : TObjectList<Base>;
    x : Base;
    t : ITest;
begin
    ReportMemoryLeaksOnShutdown := true;

    list := TObjectList<Base>.Create;
    list.Add(A.Create);
    list.Add(B.Create);

    // 1 x Tester leak for each B in list:
    for x in list do
        x.UseTestOrNot(Tester.Create);

    // this is ok
    for x in list do
    begin
        t := Tester.Create;
        x.UseTestOrNot(t);
    end;

    list.Free;
end.

Can you please explain what goes wrong with the reference counter? Can you give any best practice/ guideline (like "Never create an interfaced instance inside a function call [if you don't know what happens inside]).

The best solution i can think of for this example is to write a template method in class Base that saves the passed test instance and calls an abstract DoUseTestOrNot method.

EDIT Delphi 2010

解决方案

It is a different manifestation of the bugs here.
I will add this to the QC report.

This does not reproduce in Delphi XE update 1 any more.

--jeroen

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