我如何在git repo中链接依赖关系？ [英] How can I have linked dependencies in a git repo?

问题描述

在我的脚本中，我经常使用有自己的回录的图书馆（我或其他人）。我不想在我的回购中复制这些，并且每次出现新版本时都会更新它们。
然而，当有人克隆回购时，它仍然应该在本地工作，而不是断开链接。

有什么想法可以做什么？

解决方案

您可以使用git中的子模块来执行此操作。在您的资料库中，执行以下操作：

  git submodule add path_to_repo path_where_you_want_it 
  

所以，如果图书馆的资料库的URL为 git：//github.com/example/some_lib.git 您希望在项目中的 lib / some_lib 中输入：

  git submodule add git：//github.com/example/some_lib.git lib / some_lib 
  

请注意，这需要从存储库中的顶级目录中完成。所以不要将 cd 插入到您首先放在的目录中。

添加子模块后，或者每当有人对您的存储库进行新的检出时，您需要执行以下操作：

  git子模块init 
 git子模块更新
  

然后，您添加的所有子模块将在相同的修订版本中检出。

当您想更新到其中一个库的更新版本， cd 到子模块并拉：

  cd lib / some_lib 
 git pull 
  

然后，当您执行 git status 时，您应该会看到 lib / somelib 在修改部分中列出。添加该文件，提交，并且您是最新的。当协作者将这个提交提交到他们的存储库中时，他们会看到 lib / somelib 被修改，直到它们运行 git子模块更新再次。

In my scripts, I often use libraries (mine or others') that have their own repos. I don't want to duplicate those in my repo and get stuck with updating them every time a new version comes out. However, when somebody clones the repo, it should still work locally and not have broken links.

Any ideas about what I could do?

解决方案

You can do this with submodules in git. In your repository, do:

git submodule add path_to_repo path_where_you_want_it

So, if the library's repository had a URL of git://github.com/example/some_lib.git and you wanted it at lib/some_lib in your project, you'd enter:

git submodule add git://github.com/example/some_lib.git lib/some_lib

Note that this needs to be done from the top-level directory in your repository. So don't cd into the directory where you're putting it first.

After you add a submodule, or whenever someone does a fresh checkout of your repository, you'll need to do:

git submodule init
git submodule update

And then all submodules you've added will be checked out at the same revision you have.

When you want to update to a newer version of one of the libraries, cd into the submodule and pull:

cd lib/some_lib
git pull

Then, when you do a git status you should see lib/somelib listed in the modified section. Add that file, commit, and you're up to date. When a collaborator pulls that commit into their repository, they'll see lib/somelib as modified until they run git submodule update again.

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