开始学习Web应用程序设计的最佳方式 [英] Best Way to Begin Learning Web Application Design
问题描述
我通常没有任何问题学习新语言或技术，所以我不用担心哪个是最好的语言或网络堆栈。相反，我想知道讨论Web应用程序设计的任何推荐资源（书籍，文章，网站，甚至大学课程）：管理和优化服务器交互，安全性问题，可伸缩性以及其他被设计的主题
您想为要分支到Web开发的独立应用程序开发人员推荐什么？
您可以进入各种各样的Web应用程序语言。我最经验的（因此将在这里讨论）是PHP，eRuby和Ruby on Rails。所有这些都可以在互联网上提供很好的教程 - 我将链接到下面的一些。
选择哪一个取决于你正在寻找什么。使用PHP和eRuby，您必须自己做大部分事情 - 而Ruby on Rails会为您做很多事情（有用的，但如果您不知道自己在做什么，也可能是危险的）。 Ruby on Rails对于进行数据库相关的事情很有用 - 例如标准的CRUD（创建，读取，更新和删除）应用程序。标准的应用程序Ruby on Rails（通常缩写为RoR）教程教你是一个博客应用程序（创建条目，读取条目，更新条目，删除条目）或地址簿应用程序。可以使用RoR的支架功能，几乎在一行代码中执行许多这样的应用程序。
PHP和eRuby使您可以做更多的工作自己 - 但在某些情况下可能会更好。 PHP比eRuby更加知名和使用，但我喜欢Ruby语言，所以我倾向于喜欢使用eRuby。这些都很适合做简单的应用程序（如网站上的联系表单）或更复杂的应用程序（phpBB - 一个论坛软件是用PHP编写的）。
至于哪一个选择 - 我会和他们玩，看看你的想法。尝试运行每个教程的前几位，看看你是否喜欢。
这里有各种教程的链接：
PHP
eRuby
- 开始eRuby - 不错，但显示如何将其嵌入HTML
- 在浏览器中尝试Ruby - 帮助您学习您需要了解的eRuby的Ruby。
Ruby on Rails
- 使用Ruby on Rails滚动 - 最新版本RoR的最新重访版本
- 滚动与Ruby on Rails第2部分
有几个教程可以让您开始。其中有些会带你安装必要的软件（网络服务器和其他任何需要的 - 例如php或ruby），有些则不需要。在Windows上安装Apache（webserver），MySQL（db）和PHP的好方法是使用 XAMPP 的。如果你在linux上，那么apache，mysql和php将在你的软件包库中，并且可能会有发行版的具体指南来设置它们。
I'm a long time hobbyist programmer interested in getting into web application development. I have a fair amount of personal experience with various non-web languages, but have never really branched over to web applications.
I don't usually have any issues learning new languages or technologies, so I'm not worried about which is the "best" language or web stack to work with. Instead, I'd like to know of any recommended resources (books, articles, web sites, maybe even college courses) that discuss web application design: managing and optimizing server interaction, security concerns, scalability, and other topics that fall under design rather than implementation.
What would you recommend for a Standalone Application Developer wanting to branch out into Web Development?
There is a wide variety of web application languages you could get into. The ones I have most experience with (and therefore will be talking about here) are PHP, eRuby and Ruby on Rails. All of these have good tutorials available on the internet - I'll link to some of them below.
Which to choose depends on exactly what you're looking to do. Using PHP and eRuby you have to do most things yourself - whereas Ruby on Rails will do lots of stuff for you (useful, but can also be dangerous if you don't know what you're doing). Ruby on Rails is good for doing database related things - for example the standard CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) application. The standard kind of app Ruby on Rails (often abbreviated to RoR) tutorials teach you is a blog application (Create entries, Read entries, Update entries, Delete entries) or an Address Book Application. It is possible to do many of these sort of applications almost in one line of code - using RoR's 'scaffold' function.
PHP and eRuby make you do more of the work yourself - but this can be better in some situations. PHP is more well known and used than eRuby, but I like the Ruby language so I tend to like using eRuby. These are both good for doing simple applications (like contact forms on websites) or more complex applications (phpBB - a piece of forum software is written in php).
As for which one to choose - I'd have a play with them and see what you think. Try running through the first few bits of a tutorial with each and see how whether you like it or not.
Here come the links to various tutorials:
PHP
eRuby
- Beginning eRuby - not great, but shows you how you can embed it in HTML
- Try Ruby in your Browser - helps you learn Ruby which you need to know for eRuby
Ruby on Rails
- Rolling with Ruby on Rails - the latest 'revisited' version for the latest version of RoR
- Rolling with Ruby on Rails part 2
There are a few tutorials to get you started. Some of these take you through installing the necessary software (webserver and anything else needed - eg. php or ruby) and some don't. A good way to get Apache (webserver), MySQL (db) and PHP installed on windows is to use XAMPP. If you're on linux then apache, mysql and php will be in your package repositories and there may be distro specific guides to setting them up.
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