如何编写按列表排列的网格中的列表？ [英] How to write a list sorted lexicographically in a grid listed by column?

问题描述

我有 Get-ChildItem 的结果，我想迭代这些，并显示他们的名字。默认情况下，如果我简单地使用 Write-Host ，那么我可以按照这样的方式将其列出：

I have the result of Get-ChildItem, and I want to iterate over these, and display their names. By default if I simply use Write-Host then I get it listed out along the row like this:

PerfLogs  Program Files  Program Files (x86)  Python31  Temp  Users  Windows

，说我知道我想把它分成x列，我想要这样的输出：

However, say that I know I want it split into x columns, I want the output like this instead:

PerfLogs                  Python31     Windows
Program Files             Temp
Program Files (x86)       Users

如你所见，它首先列出列，然后跨越。

As you can see, it lists it down the columns first, and then across.

任何想法如何获得这样的输出？理想情况下，它将使用最多的列，可以适合屏幕，名称对齐在每列的左侧。

Any idea how to get output like that? Ideally it would use the most # of columns as can fit on screen with the Name aligned to the left in each column.

更新：感谢罗马，我现在可以我的linux样式'ls'输出与目录颜色。建立他更新的脚本我有：

UPDATE: thanks to Roman, I can now have my linux style 'ls' output with directory colors. Building off his updated script I have:

function color-ls
{
    dir $args | Format-High -Print {    
        $item = $args
        $fore = $host.UI.RawUI.ForegroundColor        
        $host.UI.RawUI.ForegroundColor = .{     
            if ($item[1].psIsContainer) {'Blue'}
            elseif ($item[1].Extension -match '\.(exe|bat|cmd|ps1|psm1|vbs|rb|reg|dll|o|lib)') {'Red'}
            elseif ($item[1].Extension -match '\.(zip|tar|gz|rar)') {'Yellow'}
            elseif ($item[1].Extension -match '\.(py|pl|cs|rb|h|cpp)') {'Cyan'}
            elseif ($item[1].Extension -match '\.(txt|cfg|conf|ini|csv|log|xml)') {'Green'}
            else {$fore}
        }
        write-host $args[0] -NoNewLine
        $host.UI.RawUI.ForegroundColor = $fore
    }
}

输出：

http://dl.dropbox.com/u/2809/lscolor.png

推荐答案

这是一个有趣的想法和任务。

It’s an interesting idea and task.

更新：更新的脚本包含一些修复和改进。它还允许以多种方式自定义输出。请参阅脚本注释中的示例。

UPDATE: the updated script contains a few fixes and improvements. It also allows to customize the output in several ways. See examples in the script comments.

脚本格式 - High.ps1：

Script Format-High.ps1:

<#
.SYNOPSIS
    Formats input by columns using maximum suitable column number.

.DESCRIPTION
    Format-High prints the specified property, expression, or string
    representation of input objects filling the table by columns.

    It is named in contrast to Format-Wide which prints by rows.

.EXAMPLE
    # just items
    ls c:\windows | Format-High

    # ditto in colors based on PSIsContainer
    ls c:\windows | Format-High -Print {$c = if ($args[1].PSIsContainer) {'yellow'} else {'white'}; Write-Host $args[0] -ForegroundColor $c -NoNewline}

    # just processes, not good
    ps | Format-High

    # process names, much better
    ps | Format-High Name

    # custom expression and width
    ps | Format-High {$_.Name + ':' + $_.WS} 70

    # process names in colors based on working sets
    ps | Format-High Name 70 {$c = if ($args[1].WS -gt 10mb) {'red'} else {'green'}; Write-Host $args[0] -ForegroundColor $c -NoNewline}
#>

param
(
    [object]$Property,
    [int]$Width = $Host.UI.RawUI.WindowSize.Width - 1,
    [scriptblock]$Print = { Write-Host $args[0] -NoNewline },
    [object[]]$InputObject
)

# process the input, get strings to format
if ($InputObject -eq $null) { $InputObject = @($input) }
if ($Property -is [string]) { $strings = $InputObject | Select-Object -ExpandProperty $Property }
elseif ($Property -is [scriptblock]) { $strings = $InputObject | ForEach-Object $Property }
else { $strings = $InputObject }
$strings = @(foreach($_ in $strings) { "$_" })

# pass 1: find the maximum column number
$nbest = 1
$bestwidths = @($Width)
for($ncolumn = 2; ; ++$ncolumn) {
    $nrow = [Math]::Ceiling($strings.Count / $ncolumn)
    $widths = @(
        for($s = 0; $s -lt $strings.Count; $s += $nrow) {
            $e = [Math]::Min($strings.Count, $s + $nrow)
            ($strings[$s .. ($e - 1)] | Measure-Object -Maximum Length).Maximum + 1
        }
    )
    if (($widths | Measure-Object -Sum).Sum -gt $Width) {
        break
    }
    $bestwidths = $widths
    $nbest = $ncolumn
    if ($nrow -le 1) {
        break
    }
}

# pass 2: print strings
$nrow = [Math]::Ceiling($strings.Count / $nbest)
for($r = 0; $r -lt $nrow; ++$r) {
    for($c = 0; $c -lt $nbest; ++$c) {
        $i = $c * $nrow + $r
        if ($i -lt $strings.Count) {
            & $Print ($strings[$i].PadRight($bestwidths[$c])) $InputObject[$i]
        }
    }
    & $Print "`r`n"
}

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