AttributeError：“Manager”对象在Django中没有属性“get_by_natural_key”错误？ [英] AttributeError: 'Manager' object has no attribute 'get_by_natural_key' error in Django?

问题描述

我正在使用Django '1.5c1'。我的settings.py中有这一行：

  AUTH_USER_MODEL ='fileupload.galaxyuser'
  

这是我的 Galaxyuser 型号：

$ $
id = models.IntegerField（primary_key = True）
create_time = models.DateTimeField（null = True，blank =真的）
update_time = models.DateTimeField（null = True，blank = True）
email = models.CharField（max_length = 765）
password = models.CharField（max_length = 120）
external = models.IntegerField（null = True，blank = True）
deleted = models.IntegerField（null = True，blank = True）
purged = models.IntegerField（null = True，blank =
username = models.CharField（max_length = 765，blank = True）
form_values_id = models.IntegerField（null = True，blank = True）
disk_usage = models.DecimalField（null =诚然，max_digits = 16，decimal_places = 0，空=真）
类元：
db_table = U galaxy_user

我想从Galaxyuser模型进行验证。但是当我登录时，我收到这个错误：

  AttributeError：'Manager'对象没有属性'get_by_natural_key'
  

我在做什么错了？

修改： 追溯：

 追溯：
文件/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.pyin get_response 
 115. response = callback（request，* callback_args，** callback_kwargs）
文件/home/zurelsoft/workspace/genalytics/fileupload/backend.pyin login_backend 
 26. user = authenticate（username = username，password = password）
文件/ usr / local / lib / python2.6 / dist-packages / django / contrib / auth / __ init__.py在身份验证
 59. user = backend.authenticate（** credentials）
文件/ usr / local / lib /python2.6/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/backends.py验证
 16. user = UserModel.objects.get_by_natural_ key（username）
 
异常类型：/ login_backend / 
中的AttributeError异常值：'Manager'对象没有属性'get_by_natural_key'
  

解决方案

您已经创建了一个新的用户模式，但您还没有指定的经理这一模式。如果您还不熟悉Django的管理员，我建议您先阅读该文档 。正如Django 1.5所说（来源）：

您还应为用户模型定义自定义管理器。如果您的用户模型定义的用户名和电子邮件字段与Django的默认用户相同，您只需安装Django的UserManager;但是，如果您的用户模型定义了不同的字段，则需要定义一个自定义管理器，该管理器可以扩展BaseUserManager，并提供两种附加方法： create_user（）和 create_superuser （）。

简而言之，如果您的模型使用与Django的用户模型，那么你可以写：

  from django.contrib.auth.models import UserManager 
 
 class GalaxyUser（models.Model）：
 id = models.IntegerField（primary_key = True）
 create_time = models.DateTimeField（null = True，blank = True） 
 update_time = models.DateTimeField（null = True，blank = True）
 email = models.CharField（max_length = 765）
密码= models.CharField（max_length = 120）
外部= models.IntegerField（null = True，blank = True）
 deleted = models.IntegerField（null = True，blank = True）
 purged = models.IntegerField（null = True，blank = True） 
 username = mod els.CharField（max_length = 765，blank = True）
 form_values_id = models.IntegerField（null = True，blank = True）
 disk_usage = models.DecimalField（null = True，max_digits = 16，decimal_places = 0，blank = True）
 
 objects = UserManager（）
 
 class Meta：
 db_table = u'galaxy_user'
  

或者，您需要将 BaseUserManager （也在 django.contrib.auth.models ）并实现所需的方法。然后，你需要把它分配给对象变量模型。

I am using Django '1.5c1'. I have this line in my settings.py:

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'fileupload.galaxyuser'

Here's my Galaxyuser model:

class GalaxyUser(models.Model):
    id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    update_time = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    email = models.CharField(max_length=765)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=120)
    external = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    deleted = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    purged = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    username = models.CharField(max_length=765, blank=True)
    form_values_id = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    disk_usage = models.DecimalField(null=True, max_digits=16, decimal_places=0, blank=True)
    class Meta:
        db_table = u'galaxy_user'

I want to authenticate from Galaxyuser model. However when I login I am getting this error:

AttributeError: 'Manager' object has no attribute 'get_by_natural_key'

What am I doing wrong?

Edit: Traceback:

Traceback:
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
  115.                         response = callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/home/zurelsoft/workspace/genalytics/fileupload/backend.py" in login_backend
  26.         user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py" in authenticate
  59.             user = backend.authenticate(**credentials)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/contrib/auth/backends.py" in authenticate
  16.             user = UserModel.objects.get_by_natural_key(username)

Exception Type: AttributeError at /login_backend/
Exception Value: 'Manager' object has no attribute 'get_by_natural_key'

解决方案

You have created a new user model but you have not yet specified a manager for that model. If you're not yet familiar with managers in Django I suggest reading the documentation on that first. As the Django 1.5 say (source):

You should also define a custom manager for your User model. If your User model defines username and email fields the same as Django's default User, you can just install Django's UserManager; however, if your User model defines different fields, you will need to define a custom manager that extends BaseUserManager providing two additional methods: create_user() and create_superuser().

In short, if your model uses the same username and email fields as Django's User model then you can write:

from django.contrib.auth.models import UserManager

class GalaxyUser(models.Model):
    id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    update_time = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    email = models.CharField(max_length=765)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=120)
    external = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    deleted = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    purged = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    username = models.CharField(max_length=765, blank=True)
    form_values_id = models.IntegerField(null=True, blank=True)
    disk_usage = models.DecimalField(null=True, max_digits=16, decimal_places=0, blank=True)

    objects = UserManager()

    class Meta:
        db_table = u'galaxy_user'

Alternatively, you'll need to subclass BaseUserManager (also in django.contrib.auth.models) and implement the desired methods. Then, you'll need to assign it to the objects variable for your model.

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