Django-Rest-Framework更新外键BY Id [英] Django-Rest-Framework updating a foreign key BY Id

问题描述

我正在使用django-rest-framework来构建后端。我的列表运行正常，但（使用django-rest-framework管理屏幕）我不能通过使用外键对象的Id字段创建一个对象。我希望我的配置不正确，但我可以编写一些代码，如果我必须:)我正在从.NET和Java背景学习django / python，可能已经成为这个新的堆栈的一个触摸。

I am using django-rest-framework to build out the back end. I have the list running fine, but (using the django-rest-framework admin screen) I cannot create an object by just using the Id fields of the foreign key objects. I hope I have this configured incorrectly, but I am open to writing some code if i have to :) I am learning django/python from a .NET and Java background and may have become a touch spoiled by this new stack.

编辑：我试图不使用两个不同的模型类 - 我不应该是正确的？

提前感谢

从Chrome - 请求的关键位置

From Chrome - the key bits of the request

Request URL:http://127.0.0.1:8000/rest/favorite_industries/ 
Request Method:POST 
_content_type:application/json
_content:{
    "user_id": 804    ,"industry_id": 20 }

回复

HTTP 400 BAD REQUEST
Vary: Accept
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS

{
    "user": [
        "This field is required."
    ]
}

以下是django的关键课程：

Ugh. Here are the key classes from django:

class FavoriteIndustry(models.Model):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='favorite_industries')
    industry = models.ForeignKey(Industry)

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'favorites_mas_industry'

class FavoriteIndustrySerializer(WithPkMixin, serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = myModels.FavoriteIndustry
        fields = (
            'id'
            , 'user'
            , 'industry'
        )

编辑添加视图集

class FavoriteIndustriesViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    #mixins.CreateModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    paginate_by = 1
    queryset = myModels\
        .FavoriteIndustry\
        .objects\
        .select_related()
    print 'SQL::FavoriteIndustriesViewSet: ' + str(queryset.query)
    serializer_class = mySerializers.FavoriteIndustrySerializer

获取/列表功能生成不错的JSON：

The get/list functionality generates decent JSON:

{count ：2，下一个：
http://blah.com/rest/favorite_industries /？page = 2& format = json ，
previous：null，results：[{id：1，user：
http://blah.com/rest/users/804/ ，行业：{industry_id：
2，industry_name：Consumer Discretionary，parent_industry_name：
Consumer Discretionary，category_name：Industries}}]}

{"count": 2, "next": "http://blah.com/rest/favorite_industries/?page=2&format=json", "previous": null, "results": [{"id": 1, "user": "http://blah.com/rest/users/804/", "industry": {"industry_id": 2, "industry_name": "Consumer Discretionary", "parent_industry_name": "Consumer Discretionary", "category_name": "Industries"}}]}

推荐答案

我已经创建了一个简化的应用程序模型。

I have created a simplified mock up of your application.

models.py ：

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class Industry(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=128)

class FavoriteIndustry(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='favorite_industries')
    industry = models.ForeignKey(Industry)

views.py：

from rest_framework import viewsets
from models import FavoriteIndustry
from serializers import FavoriteIndustrySerializer

class FavoriteIndustriesViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = FavoriteIndustry.objects.all()
    serializer_class = FavoriteIndustrySerializer

serializers.py：

from rest_framework import serializers
from models import FavoriteIndustry, Industry

class FavoriteIndustrySerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = FavoriteIndustry
        fields = ('id', 'user', 'industry')

urls.py：

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from core.api import FavoriteIndustriesViewSet

favorite_industries_list = FavoriteIndustriesViewSet.as_view({
    'get': 'list',
    'post': 'create'
})

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^favorite_industries/$', favorite_industries_list, name='favorite-industries-list'),
    url(r'^users/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', favorite_industries_list, name='user-detail'),
    url(r'^industries/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)/$', favorite_industries_list, name='industry-detail'),
)

这里有几个测试：

>>> 
>>> import json
>>> from django.test import Client
>>> from core.models import Industry
>>> 
>>> industry = Industry(name='candy')
>>> industry.save()
>>> 
>>> c = Client()
>>> 
>>> response = c.get('http://localhost:8000/favorite_industries/')
>>> response.content
'[]'
>>> 
>>> data = {
...     'user': 'http://localhost:8000/users/1/',
...     'industry': 'http://localhost:8000/industries/1/'
... }
>>> 
>>> response = c.post('http://localhost:8000/favorite_industries/', json.dumps(data), 'application/json')
>>> response.content
'{"id": 1, "user": "http://testserver/users/1/", "industry": "http://testserver/industries/1/"}'
>>> 
>>> response = c.get('http://localhost:8000/favorite_industries/')
>>> response.content
'[{"id": 1, "user": "http://testserver/users/1/", "industry": "http://testserver/industries/1/"}]'
>>> 

Django REST框架期待用户和行业字段为URL而不是id，因为您使用 HyperlinkedModelSerializer 。

Django REST Framework expects user and industry fields as URLs rather than ids since you are using HyperlinkedModelSerializer.

如果您需要使用对象ids而不是URL，请使用 ModelSerializer 而不是 HyperlinkedModelSerializer 并将ids传递给用户和行业：

In case you need to use object ids instead of URLs, use ModelSerializer instead of HyperlinkedModelSerializer and pass ids to user and industry:

serializers.py：

from rest_framework import serializers
from models import FavoriteIndustry, Industry

class FavoriteIndustrySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = FavoriteIndustry
        fields = ('id', 'user', 'industry')

测试：

>>> 
>>> import json
>>> from django.test import Client
>>> from core.models import Industry
>>> 
>>> #industry = Industry(name='candy')
>>> #industry.save()
>>> 
>>> c = Client()
>>> 
>>> response = c.get('http://localhost:8000/favorite_industries/')
>>> response.content
'[{"id": 1, "user": 1, "industry": 1}, {"id": 2, "user": 1, "industry": 1}]'
>>> 
>>> data = {
...     'user': 1,
...     'industry': 1
... }
>>> 
>>> response = c.post('http://localhost:8000/favorite_industries/', json.dumps(data), 'application/json')
>>> response.content
'{"id": 3, "user": 1, "industry": 1}'
>>> 
>>> response = c.get('http://localhost:8000/favorite_industries/')
>>> response.content
'[{"id": 1, "user": 1, "industry": 1}, {"id": 2, "user": 1, "industry": 1}, {"id": 3, "user": 1, "industry": 1}]'
>>> 

这篇关于Django-Rest-Framework更新外键BY Id的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！