django项目目录结构和python路径 [英] django project directory structure and the python path

问题描述

我正在尝试从一开始就开发我的django项目的最佳设置，我无法让所有内容在目录结构中很好地播放。我已经设置了virtualenv（在本示例中为env），以便我可以为每个django项目部署一个干净的空python环境。

I am trying to get the best possible set up for developing my django project from the start and I'm having trouble getting everything to play nicely in the directory structure. I have set up virtualenv's (env in this example) so that I can deploy a clean empty python environment for every django project.

基本结构如下： p>

The basic structure is as follows:

/env/
    /bin
    /db         <--- Django DB
    /downloads
    /lib
    /static     <--- Where css/imgs/js etc is served from
    /project/   <--- Django root
            /__init__.py
            /settings.py
            /manage.py
            /appsfolder/
                 /appname/
                       /__init__.py
                       /models/
                              /__init__.py
                              /somemodel.py
                       /urls/
                             /__init__.py
                             /someurl.py
                       /views/
                             /__init__.py
                             /someview.py

这是基本布局;我希望每个项目都有一个用于应用程序的目录，并且在每个应用程序中都有一个用于模型，视图和URL的单独的文件夹。

This is the basic layout; I want each project to have a directory for applications, and in each application have a separate folder for models, view and urls.

我遇到的问题是python路径以及模块的处理方式。

The problem I am having is with the python path and how the modules are handled.

在应用程序中，我不想在导入模型时引用该项目，即我应该使用：

Within an application, I don't want to have to refer to the project when importing models i.e I should be using :

import appname.models.modelname

not ：

import projectname.models.modelname

以帮助可重用

在models目录中，我有以下 init .py

In the models directory, I have the following init.py

from model1 import ModelName1
from model2 import ModelName2
from model3 import ModelName3

__all__ = ['ModelName1', 'ModelName2', 'ModelName3']

但是当我尝试使用单独的url文件（在/appname/urls/urlfile.py中），并导入如下所示的模型：

But when I try to use a separate url file (in /appname/urls/urlfile.py) and import the models like the following:

from appname.models.somemodel import ModelName

我得到一个模块未找到错误。

I get a "module not found" error.

while：

from appsfolder.appname.models.somemodel import ModelName

工作正常

我推测是因为应用程序不是直接在python路径上，而是在一个名为appsfolder的子文件夹中，但我不知道如何解决这个问题，同时保持所有可重用的和相对的。

I presume this is because the application is not directly on the python path, instead it is in a subfolder called appsfolder, but I'm not sure how to go about fixing this, while keeping everything reuseable and relative.

我知道一个解决方案是将所有应用程序直接放置在站点包下的python路径上，但我不太喜欢这个想法，因为我认为应用程序应该在项目中，如果您使用的是virtualenv的

I know one solution is to put all apps directly on the python path under site-packages, but I don't really like this idea, as I think that the applications should be in the project if you are using virtualenv's

推荐答案

您可以将以下内容放在设置中。 py 将您的 appsfolder 添加到您的 PYTHONPATH ：

You can put the following in your settings.py to add your appsfolder to your PYTHONPATH:

import os
import sys

PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(__file__)
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'appsfolder'))

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