使用Django管理员的自定义列 [英] Custom columns using Django admin

问题描述

我有一个与这样的表相关联的模型数据（模型数据仅由IntegerField）：

I have a model Data, associated to a table like this (The model Data is made up of only IntegerField):

subject | year | quarter | sales |
----------------------------------
   1    | 2010 |   1     | 20    |
   1    | 2010 |   2     | 100   |
   1    | 2010 |   3     | 100   |
   1    | 2010 |   4     | 20    |
   1    | 2011 |   1     | 30    |
   1    | 2011 |   2     | 50    |
   1    | 2011 |   4     | 40    |
   2    | 2010 |   1     | 30    |
   2    | 2010 |   2     | 20    |
 [..-GO ON this way...]

我想要一个django-admin表，只读有列（当前年= 2011，四分之一= 1 ）

I want to have a django-admin table, in read-only having columns (current year = 2011, quarter = 1)

subject | sales current year | sales current quarter | sales last year | sales current quarter last year |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1     |  110               |  30                   |  240            |  20
[AND SO ON]

问题是：可以做那使用django-admin？什么是出路？

推荐答案

您可以使用模型或您的 ModelAdmin 作为 list_display 的项目。请参阅： https://docs.djangoproject.com/en /dev/ref/contrib/admin/#django.contrib.admin.ModelAdmin.list_display

You can use methods on your Model or your ModelAdmin as items for list_display. See: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/admin/#django.contrib.admin.ModelAdmin.list_display

由于这些方法在管理员之外可能很有用，另外，我建议将它们添加到模型中。

Since these are methods that might be useful outside the admin, as well, I'd suggest adding them to your Model.

from django.db.models import Sum

class Data(models.Model):
    ...

    # Method used by `get_current_year_sales` and `get_last_year_sales`
    # to stay DRY. Not for use directly in admin.
    def get_year_sales(self, year):
        qs = self.model._default_manager.filter(year=year)
        sales_agg = qs.aggregate(Sum('sales'))
        return sales_agg['sales__sum']

    # Method used by `get_current_quarter_sales` and `get_last_quarter_sales`
    # to stay DRY. Not for use directly in admin.
    def get_quarter_sales(self, year, quarter):
        qs = self.model._default_manager.filter(year=year, quarter=quarter)
        sales_agg = qs.aggregate(Sum('sales'))
        return sales_agg['sales__sum']

    def get_current_year_sales(self):
        return self.get_year_sales(datetime.now().year)
    get_current_year_sales.short_description = 'Sales (Current Year)'

    def get_last_year_sales(self):
        return self.get_year_sales(datetime.now().year-1)
    get_last_year_sales.short_description = 'Sales (Last Year)'

    def get_current_quarter_sales(self):
        # Determine current quarter logic here as `current_quarter`
        # `quarter_year` will likely be same as current year here,
        # but will need to be calculated for previous quarter
        return self.get_quarter_sales(quarter_year, current_quarter)
    get_current_quarter_sales.short_description = 'Sales (Current Quarter)'

    def get_current_quarter_sales(self):
        # Logic here to determine last quarter as `last_quarter`
        # Logic to determine what year last quarter was in as `quarter_year`
        return self.get_quarter_sales(quarter_year, last_quarter)
    get_last_quarter_sales.short_description = 'Sales (Last Quarter)'

short_description 属性确定管理员将显示为这些方法的行标题。所以，一旦你有了这一切，你只需修改你的 ModelAdmin 的 list_display 属性，如： p>

The short_description attribute determines what the admin will show as the row header for these methods. So, once you have all this in place, you need only modify your ModelAdmin's list_display attribute like:

class DataAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    ...
    list_display = ('subject', 'get_current_year_sales', 'get_last_year_sales', 'get_current_quarter_sales', 'get_last_quarter_sales')

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