Django：如何在模板中包含视图 [英] Django: How to include a view from within a template
问题描述
我是django的新人，我想知道什么是最好的/推荐的方法来包含模板中的视图（具有某些逻辑及其生成的HTML）。
I'm new to django and I was wondering what is the best/recommend approach to include a view (with certain logic, and its resulting HTML) from within a template.
我的具体例子如下：
我有一个模型是：
My concrete example is as follows: I have a model which is:
class City(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
class Place(models.Model):
city = models.ForeignKey(City)
name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
state = models.IntegerField()
所以我需要一个展示每个城市的地方。每个地方都应以不同的方式呈现，具体取决于其状态。每个不同的方式是非常不同的，可能需要相当的一些商业逻辑。
So I need a view to show each city and it's places. Each place should be rendered in a different way depending on its state. Each different way is very different and will probably need quite some bussiness logic.
根据我对其他框架的经验，我想象如下。从城市模板中调用一个视图来渲染位置，这将具有所有必要的逻辑，并将选择使用哪个模板来呈现地点：$ b $ b示例伪代码：
From my experience with other frameworks I imagined something as follows. From withing the cities template call a view that will render the locations, which will have all the necessary logic and would choose which template to use to render the place: Example pseudo-code:
cities.html
cities.html
{% for place in places %}
{% include_view 'show_place' place %}
{% endfor %}
include_view标签在哪里调用视图，它将决定给定地点使用哪个模板：
Where the include_view tag would call a view, which would decide which template to use for the given place:
def show_place(request, place):
# Here I will probably use more logic to prepare the template.
template_name = "places/default.html"
if place.state == 1 :
template_name = 'places/active.html'
if place.state == 2 :
template_name = 'places/started.html'
if place.state == 3 :
template_name = 'places/completed.html'
# etc
return render(request, template_name, { 'place': place } )
是这个方法可能在django？
我已经看到使用这样的包含标签的可能性：在模板中添加视图或
Template include和django views / urls。他们的工作方式如何（do / should）？
I'v seen the possibility of using an include tag like here: Include a view in a template or Template includes and django views/urls. How (do/should) they work?
但是这样做会强制用一个固定的模板注册自定义模板函数：
register.inclusion_tag 'results.html'）（show_results）＃在这里我需要逻辑，并使'results.html'动态。
but this forces to register the custom template function with a fixed template: register.inclusion_tag('results.html')(show_results) #here I would need logic, and make 'results.html' dynamic.
另外我想把那个show_place作为一个正常视图可以直接访问。
Also I would like to have that show_place as a normal view to be able to access it directly.
我还可以在IF模板中查询状态，并使用{％include％}标签，但是将允许我有另外的商务逻辑，在另一种方法的视图中：
I can also do the IFs asking for the state inside the template and use the {% include %} tag, but that would allow me to have additional bussiness logic that would be in the other approach in the view:
{% for place in places %}
{% if place.state = 1 %}
{% include 'places/active.html' %}
{% if ... }
{% include ... }
{% endfor %}
完成此项工作的最佳方法是什么？
What is the best way of accomplishing this?
谢谢！
推荐答案
需要使用的是 Django自定义模板标签。你可以简单地在你的模板中传递一个变量，然后让它决定在当前模板中插入哪个视图和模板。
What you are going to need to use is a Django Custom Template Tag. You could simply pass a variable to it in your template, then have it decide which view and template to insert in your current template.
一个例子：
您的自定义模板标签（rend_item.py）
Your Custom Template Tag (rend_item.py)
def return_template(item):
template = 'null'
context = {
#Dictionary of things to pass back
}
#if statements that choose what 'template' should be
if item == 5:
template = 'item5.html'
else:
template = 'default.html'
#render the template
return render_to_string(template, context)
模板
{# Make sure you load the py file where your template tag is located at the top #}
{% load rend_item %}
{% for item in cart %}
{{ item|return_template }}
{% endfor %}
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