Django Rest框架 - 读取嵌套数据，写入整数 [英] Django Rest Framework - Read nested data, write integer

问题描述

到目前为止，我对Django Rest框架非常满意，这就是为什么我几乎不敢相信在代码库中有这么大的遗漏。希望有人知道如何支持这一点：

  class PinSerializer（serializers.ModelSerializer）：
 item = ItemSerializer （read_only = True，source ='item'）
 item = serializers.IntegerSerializer（write_only = True）
 
 class Meta：
 model = Pin 
  

与目标

 目标是读取：
 {pin：item：{name：'a'，url：'b'}} 
但是使用id 
 {pin：item：10} 
  

另一种替代方法是使用两个序列化程序，但这看起来像一个非常难看的解决方案：
django休息框架模型序列化程序 - 读取嵌套，写入平面< a>

解决方案

假设您使用OneToOneField或ForeignKey将您的Pin与您的项目相关联，Django将该关系存储为 item_id ，但通常会将项目抽象为项目。您可以利用这一点了解一个Python对象不能具有相同名称的两个属性（您的代码中遇到的问题）。

简单将 _id 添加到您的写入属性的名称，任何写入将设置底层关系，而任何读取将使用抽象对象。您的最终代码将是：

  class PinSerializer（serializers.ModelSerializer）：
 item = ItemSerializer（read_only = True， source ='item'）
 item_id = serializers.IntegerField（write_only = True）
 
 class Meta：
 model = Pin 
  / pre> 
 
 
注意1：我还将 serializers.IntegerSerializer 更改为 serializers.IntegerField ，因为我认为这一定是一个错字。
 
 
 
注意2：我实际上发现Django Rest是非常直观的，没有指定Item序列号的Pin序列化器将item_id替换为item：< id> 而不是item_id：< id> code>，但这是旁边。
 
So far I'm extremely happy with Django Rest Framework, which is why I alsmost can't believe there's such a large omission in the codebase. Hopefully someone knows of a way how to support this:
class PinSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    item = ItemSerializer(read_only=True, source='item')
    item = serializers.IntegerSerializer(write_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Pin
with the goal
The goal here is to read:
{pin: item: {name: 'a', url: 'b'}}
but to write using an id
{pin: item: 10}
An alternative would be to use two serializers, but that looks like a really ugly solution:
django rest framework model serializers - read nested, write flat
解决方案
Assuming you are using a OneToOneField or ForeignKey to relate your Pin to your Item, Django stores the relation as item_id, but often abstracts the Item as item. You can take advantage of this to get around the fact that a Python object cannot have two attributes with the same name (a problem you would encounter in your code).

Simply add _id to the name of your write attribute and any writes will set the underlying relation, while any reads will use the abstracted object. Your final code will be:
class PinSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    item = ItemSerializer(read_only=True, source='item')
    item_id = serializers.IntegerField(write_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Pin
Note 1: I also changed serializers.IntegerSerializer to serializers.IntegerField, since I think that must have been a typo.

Note 2: I actually find it rather unintuitive that Django Rest is set up such that a Pin serializer without an Item serializer specified returns the item_id as "item": <id> and not "item_id": <id>, but that is beside the point.

                        
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