django特殊字符处理 [英] django special character handling

问题描述

我正在尝试了解如何正确处理Django / Python中的特殊字符。
我已经添加到我的views.py和models.py以下编码字符串：

I'm trying to understand how to deal correctly with special characters in Django / Python. I have added to my views.py and models.py the following encoding string:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

但是，当以下cmd被调用时，采购订单名称设置为TestÄÜÖ它崩溃：

But when the following cmd is called with a purchase order name set to "TestÄÜÖ" it crashes:

messages.add_message(request, messages.INFO, 'The purchase order "%s" has been successfully added to project "%s".' % (purchase_order, project.name))

错误抛出如下：

File "..accounting/views.py", line 1100, in post_logic
    messages.add_message(request, messages.INFO, 'The purchase order "%s" has been successfully added to project "%s".' % (purchase_order, project.name))
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 20: ordinal not in range(128)

PurchaseOrder模型看起来像这样。

The PurchaseOrder model looks like this.

class PurchaseOrder(models.Model):
    """
    purchase order assigned to a project
    """

    number = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200, null=True, blank=True, default="")

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u'%s - %s' % (self.name, self.number)

如果添加 u，则不会出现此问题在消息字符串前面：

The problem does not occur if I add u in front of the message string:

messages.add_message(request, messages.INFO, u'The purchase order "%s" has been successfully added to project "%s".' % (purchase_order, project.name))

但 docs 说在Django 1.5（我使用1.5），一个正常的字符串应该是一个unicode字符串，并且不需要 u 。

But the docs say that in Django 1.5 (I'm using 1.5) a normal string should be a unicode string and there is no need for the u .

所以我不想添加所有我的add_message调用一个 u ，如果文档说我不需要t
任何人都可以看出这个编码主题吗？

So I do not want to add to all my add_message calls an u, if the docs say it is not needed. Anybody can shed some light on this encoding topic?

推荐答案

你错过了__future__中的导入unicode_literals 将使Python2中的字符串像Python3 unicode字符串一样。

You missed the from __future__ import unicode_literals that would make strings in Python2 act like Python3 unicode strings.

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