Django WSGI部署。没有名为“_sqlite3”的模块 [英] Django WSGI deployment. No module named '_sqlite3'

问题描述

我尝试在Django 1.8和Apache mod_wsgi（python 3.4.3，ubuntu 14.04）下部署Django应用程序

我已经使用import解决了以前的错误（ Django WSGI部署无法导入名称SimpleCookie），但是然后我遇到另一个：

 加载pysqlite2或sqlite3模块时出错（按该顺序尝试）：没有名为_sqlite3的模块
  

更大的错误日志：

  [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.021939 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件< frozen importlib._bootstrap> ，第1448行，exec_module 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.021960 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件< frozen importlib._bootstrap> ，第321行，在_call_with_frames_removed 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.022198 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/ contrib / auth / models.py，第41行在< module> 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.022207 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780] class Permission（models.Model）：
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.022760 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/ db / models / base.py，第139行，__new__ 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.022770 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780] new_class。 add_to_class（'_ meta'，Options（meta，** kwargs））
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.022807 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780] File /var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py，第324行，add_to_class 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.022814 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780] value.contribute_to_class（cls，name）
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023151 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1： 16780]文件/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py，第250行，在contribution_to_class 
 [Wed Jun 10 18： 33：44.023161 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780] self.db_table = truncate_name（self.db_table，connection.ops.max_name_length（））
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023296 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/ db / __ init__.py，第36行，__getattr__ 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023304 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780] return getattr [DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS]，item）
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023514 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [客户端192.168.1.1:16780]文件/var/www/.virtualenvs/ cp / lib / python3.4 / site-packages / django / db / utils.py，第240行，__getitem__ 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023558 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] t 192.168.1.1:16780] backend = load_backend（db ['ENGINE']）
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023603 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1： 16780]文件/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py，第111行，load_backend 
 [Wed Jun 10 18:33： 44.023610 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780] return import_module（'％s.base'％backend_name）
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023642 2015] ：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件/usr/local/lib/python3.4/importlib/__init__.py，第109行，import_module 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023649 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780] return _bootstrap._gcd_import（name [level：]，package，level）
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023669 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件< frozen importlib._bootstrap>，第2231行，_gcd_import 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023690 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件< frozen importlib._bootstrap>，第2214行_find_and_load 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023711 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件< frozen importlib._bootstrap>，第2203行，_find_and_load_unlocked 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023732 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件< frozen importlib._bootstrap>，第1200行，_load_unlocked 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023752 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件< frozen importlib._bootstrap>，第1129行，在_exec 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023773 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件< frozen importlib._bootstrap>，行1448，在exec_module 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023793 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件< frozen importlib._bootstrap>，第321行，_call_with_frames_removed 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023826 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]文件/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py，第36行在< module> 
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023833 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [客户端192.168.1.1:16780] raise不正确配置（加载pysqlite2或sqlite3模块时出错 ）：％s％exc）
 [Wed Jun 10 18：33：44.023862 2015] [：error] [pid 19282：tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780] django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured：加载任何pysqlite2或sqlite3模块时出错（以该顺序尝试）：没有名为_sqlite3的模块
  

运行开发服务器不会出现错误。在virtualenv cp中运行python解释器时也没有错误

 >>> import sqlite3 
  

我的wsgi.py文件是：

  import os，sys，site 
 
 sys.path.insert（0，'/ var / www / .virtualenvs / cp / lib / python3.4 / site-packages'） 
 sys.path.insert（0，'/ var / www / django_projects / cp'）
 os.environ ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] ='mysite.settings'
 
 exec （open（/ var / www / .virtualenvs / cp / bin / activate_this.py）。read（））
 
 from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application 
 application = get_wsgi_application ）
  

这是Apache的虚拟主机的网站conf：

 < VirtualHost *：80> 
 ServerName cp.mysite.com 
 WSGIDaemonProcess cp user = www-data group = www-data threads = 5 
 WSGIApplicationGroup cp 
 WSGIScriptAlias / / var / www / django_projects / cp / mysite / wsgi.py 
 
< Directory / var / www / django_projects / cp / mysite> 
<文件wsgi.py> 
要求全部授予
< / Files> 
< / Directory> 
 
 ErrorLog /var/www/errlogs/cperror.log 
< / VirtualHost> 
  

解决方案

在简单的帮助下进行调试后， wsgi.py（感谢@GrahamDumpleton的链接），我'我发现我生成的sys.path不太干净。

所以我手动更改了wsgi.py中的sys.path，从在virtualenv cp开始的python中获取它，然后在wsgi.py的开头添加项目目录到这个列表：

  import os，sys 
 
 virtual_env ='/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp' 
 sys.path = ['％s / lib / python34.zip'％（virtual_env，），
'％s / lib / python3.4'％（virtual_env，），
' ％s / lib / python3.4 / plat-linux'％（virtual_env，），
'％s / lib / python3.4 / lib-dynload'％（virtual_env，），
'％s /lib/python3.4/site-packages'％（virtual_env，），
＃'/ var / www / python / 3.4.3 / lib / python3.4'，
 
] 
 sys.path.insert（0，'/ var / www / django_projects / cp'）
 
 os.environ ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] ='mysite.settings'
 
 from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application 
 application = get_wsgi_application（）
  

可能这不是最好的公关 actice解决方案，但它会删除魔术功能，易于理解并为像我这样的新用户重复：）

I try to deploy Django application under Django 1.8 and Apache mod_wsgi (python 3.4.3, ubuntu 14.04)

I have solved the previous error with import ( Django WSGI deployment. cannot import name 'SimpleCookie' ) but then I meet another one:

Error loading either pysqlite2 or sqlite3 modules (tried in that order): No module named '_sqlite3'

Here bigger piece of the error log:

[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.021939 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1448, in exec_module
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.021960 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 321, in _call_with_frames_removed
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.022198 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 41, in <module>
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.022207 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]     class Permission(models.Model):
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.022760 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 139, in __new__
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.022770 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]     new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, **kwargs))
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.022807 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 324, in add_to_class
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.022814 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]     value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023151 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 250, in contribute_to_class
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023161 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]     self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023296 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 36, in __getattr__
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023304 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]     return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023514 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 240, in __getitem__
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023558 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]     backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023603 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 111, in load_backend
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023610 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]     return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023642 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/importlib/__init__.py", line 109, in import_module
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023649 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]     return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023669 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2231, in _gcd_import
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023690 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2214, in _find_and_load
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023711 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2203, in _find_and_load_unlocked
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023732 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1200, in _load_unlocked
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023752 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1129, in _exec
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023773 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1448, in exec_module
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023793 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 321, in _call_with_frames_removed
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023826 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]   File "/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py", line 36, in <module>
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023833 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780]     raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading either pysqlite2 or sqlite3 modules (tried in that order): %s" % exc)
[Wed Jun 10 18:33:44.023862 2015] [:error] [pid 19282:tid 140071189554944] [client 192.168.1.1:16780] django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading either pysqlite2 or sqlite3 modules (tried in that order): No module named '_sqlite3'

When running development server no errors appear. There is no errors as well when running in python interpreter in virtualenv cp

>>>import sqlite3

My wsgi.py file is:

import os, sys, site

sys.path.insert(0,'/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/lib/python3.4/site-packages')
sys.path.insert(0,'/var/www/django_projects/cp')
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'mysite.settings'

exec(open("/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp/bin/activate_this.py").read())

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()

Here is Apache's virtualhost's conf for the site:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName cp.mysite.com
    WSGIDaemonProcess cp user=www-data group=www-data threads=5
    WSGIApplicationGroup cp
    WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/django_projects/cp/mysite/wsgi.py

    <Directory /var/www/django_projects/cp/mysite>
        <Files wsgi.py>
            Require all granted
        </Files>
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog    /var/www/errlogs/cperror.log
</VirtualHost>

解决方案

Finaly, after making a debug with a help of simple wsgi.py (thanks to @GrahamDumpleton for the link), I've found that my resulting sys.path is not too clean.

So I have manually changed sys.path in wsgi.py taking it from python started in virtualenv cp and then added project directory to this list at the begining in wsgi.py:

import os, sys

virtual_env = '/var/www/.virtualenvs/cp'    
sys.path=['%s/lib/python34.zip' % (virtual_env,), 
          '%s/lib/python3.4' % (virtual_env,), 
          '%s/lib/python3.4/plat-linux' % (virtual_env,), 
          '%s/lib/python3.4/lib-dynload' % (virtual_env,), 
          '%s/lib/python3.4/site-packages' % (virtual_env,),
          #'/var/www/python/3.4.3/lib/python3.4', 

          ]
sys.path.insert(0,'/var/www/django_projects/cp')

os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'mysite.settings'

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()

Possibly this is not the "best practice" solution, but it does remove magic functions and easy to understand and repeat for new user like me :)

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