在ES6代码中扩展EcmaScript 5类 [英] Extending EcmaScript 5 classes in ES6 code

问题描述

我想在一个新的项目中使用EcmaScript 6（通过Browserify和Babelify），但这取决于ES5中编写的第三方库。问题是在我的项目中创建子类，从子库中扩展。

I want to use EcmaScript 6 (via Browserify and Babelify) in a new project, but it depends on third party libraries written in ES5. The problem is creating subclasses in my project which extend from the ones in libraries.

例如：

// Library written in ES5
function Creature(type) {
   this.type = type;
}

// my code in ES6

class Fish extends Creature {
  constructor(name) {
    super("fish");
    this.name = name;
  }
}

除了Creature（）构造函数不跑。我设计了一个解决方法/ hack，首先构建父类的对象，然后将其附加到它：

This almost works except that Creature() constructor is not run. I devised a workaround/hack which constructs the parent class's object first and then appends stuff to it:

class Fish extends Creature {
  constructor(name) {
    super("throw away"); //have to have this or it wont compile
    let obj = new Creature("fish");
    obj.name = name;
    return obj;
  }
}

这种方法似乎只要原来的类没有构造函数的功能。

This approach seems to work as long as the original class does not have "constructor" function.

我的问题是：在使用ES6的类时，是否扩展它们的最佳方法（除了要求库的作者迁移）？还是有更好的方法？我想在我的项目中继续使用class {}语法。

My question is: is that the best way of extending them when using ES6's classes (save from asking the library's author to migrate)? Or is there an even better way? I would like to keep using class {} syntax in my project.

推荐答案

您的解决方案使用babel正常工作。您的代码被编译成以下ES5代码。

Your solution works properly using babel. Your code gets compiled to the following ES5 code.

// Library written in ES5
"use strict";

function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) { if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) { throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function"); } }

function _inherits(subClass, superClass) { if (typeof superClass !== "function" && superClass !== null) { throw new TypeError("Super expression must either be null or a function, not " + typeof superClass); } subClass.prototype = Object.create(superClass && superClass.prototype, { constructor: { value: subClass, enumerable: false, writable: true, configurable: true } }); if (superClass) subClass.__proto__ = superClass; }

function Creature(type) {
  this.type = type;
}

// my code in ES6

var Fish = (function (_Creature) {
  function Fish(name) {
    _classCallCheck(this, Fish);

    _Creature.call(this, "fish");
    this.name = name;
  }

  _inherits(Fish, _Creature);

  return Fish;
})(Creature);

从上面的代码可以看出， Creature 类被正确调用。行 _Creature.call（this，fish）; 。

As you can see from the above code, the constructor of the Creature class is called correctly. Line _Creature.call(this, "fish");.

Babel链接

我添加了以下代码来演示鱼是一个生物以及 Fish 的实例。

I added the following code to demonstrate that fish is an instance of Creature as well as an instance of Fish.

var fish = new Fish("test");

console.log(fish.type);
console.log(fish.name);

console.log( fish instanceof Creature );
console.log( fish instanceof Fish);

输出：

fish
test
true
true

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