弹性搜索：“术语”，“匹配短语”和“查询字符串”之间的区别 [英] Elastic Search: Difference between "Term", "Match Phrase", and "Query String"

问题描述

这里新增弹性搜索，并尝试更好地了解这些查询之间的区别。据我所知，术语匹配单个术语（需要小写匹配才能工作），而匹配短语和查询字符串匹配一串文本。

New here to elastic search and trying to get a better understanding on the difference between these queries. As far as I can tell, term matchings a single term (needs to be lowercase for the match to work?), and both match phrase and query string matches a string of text.

推荐答案

p> 术语查询符合单个术语：该值为未分析。
所以，根据你所索引的内容，它不一定要更低。

term query matches a single term as it is : the value is not analyzed. So, it doesn't have to be lowercased depending on what you have indexed.

如果你提供了 Bennett 在索引时间，值不分析，以下查询不会返回任何内容：

If you provided Bennett at index time and the value is not analyzed, the following query won't return anything :

{
  "query": {
    "term" : { "user" : "bennett" }
  }
}

match_phrase 查询将分析输入，如果为查询字段定义分析器，并查找符合以下标准的文档：

match_phrase query will analyze the input if analyzers are defined for the queried field and find documents matching the following criterias :

• 所有条款必须出现在字段


• 中，他们必须具有相同的订单作为输入值

• all the terms must appear in the field
• they must have the same order as the input value

例如，如果您索引以下文档（使用标准分析器的字段 foo ）：

For example, if you index the following documents (using standard analyzer for the field foo):

{ "foo":"I just said hello world" }

{ "foo":"Hello world" }

{ "foo":"World Hello" }

这个 match_phrase 查询只会返回第一个和第二个文档：

This match_phrase query will only return the first and second documents :

{
  "query": {
    "match_phrase": {
      "foo": "Hello World"
    }
  }
}

query_string 查询搜索，默认情况下，一个href =http://www.elasticsearch.org/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-all-field.html#mapping-all-field =noreferrer> _ all 字段它同时包含几个文本字段的文本。除此之外，它已被解析并支持一些运算符（AND / OR ...），通配符等（参见相关语法）。

query_string query search, by default, on a _all field which contains the text of several text fields at once. On top of that, it's parsed and supports some operators (AND/OR...), wildcards and so on (see related syntax).

作为 match_phrase 查询，根据查询字段上设置的分析器对输入进行分析。

As the match_phrase queries, the input is analyzed according to the analyzer set on the queried field.

与 match_phrase 不同，分析后获得的条款不必是相同的顺序，除非用户在输入周围使用引号。

Unlike the match_phrase, the terms obtained after analysis don't have to be in the same order, unless the user has used quotes around the input.

例如，使用与以前相同的文档，此查询将返回所有文档：

For example, using the same documents as before, this query will return all the documents :

{
  "query": {
    "query_string": {
      "query": "hello World"
    }
  }
}

但是这个查询将返回相同的2个文档 match_phrase 查询：

But this query will return the same 2 documents as the match_phrase query :

{
  "query": {
    "query_string": {
      "query": "\"Hello World\""
    }
  }
}

有更多关于这些查询的不同选项，请查看相关文档：

There is much more to say about the different options for those queries, please take a look at the related documentation :

• 术语


• match_phrase


• query_string

• term
• match_phrase
• query_string

希望这很清楚，这将有所帮助。

Hope this is clear enough and it will help.

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