JDBC url为MySQL配置使用utf8字符编码 [英] JDBC url for MySQL configuration to use utf8 character encoding

问题描述

MySQL 5.6配置

我已手动配置 /etc/mysql/my.cnf 使用 UTF8 。见下文：

  [mysqld] 
 character-set-server = utf8 
 character-sets-dir = / usr / share / mysql / charsets 
 
 [mysql] 
 character-sets-dir = / usr / share / mysql / charsets default-character-set = utf8 
 
 [mysqladmin] 
 character-sets-dir = / usr / share / mysql / charsets default-character-set = utf8 
 
 [mysqlcheck] 
 character-sets- dir = / usr / share / mysql / charsets default-character-set = utf8 
 
 [mysqldump] 
 character-sets-dir = / usr / share / mysql / charsets default-character- set = utf8 
 
 [mysqlimport] 
 character-sets-dir = / usr / share / mysql / charsets default-character-set = utf8 
 
 [mysqlshow] 
 character-sets-dir = / usr / share / mysql / charsets default-character-set = utf8 
 
 [client] 
 character-sets-dir = / usr / share / mysql / charsets default-character-set = utf8 
  

从控制台：

  mysql>显示变量，如char％; 
 + -------------------------- + ------------------ ---------- + 
 | Variable_name |价值| 
 + -------------------------- + ------------------ ---------- + 
 | character_set_client | utf8 | 
 | character_set_connection | utf8 | 
 | character_set_database | utf8 | 
 | character_set_filesystem |二进制| 
 | character_set_results | utf8 | 
 | character_set_server | utf8 | 
 | character_set_system | utf8 | 
 | character_sets_dir | / usr / share / mysql / charsets / | 
 + -------------------------- + ------------------ ---------- + 
 8行（0.01秒）
  

< h2>应用程序配置

现在，对于Web应用，我在Tomcat的 context.xml中使用了这两个连接url

  url =jdbc：mysql：// localhost：3306 / test？autoReconnect = true& amp; amp; useUnicode = true& amp ; characterEncoding = UTF-8
 
 url =jdbc：mysql：// localhost：3306 / test？autoReconnect = true& amp; useUnicode = true& amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; characterSetResults = utf8& amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; amp; 
 显示变量，如char％; 
 + -------------------------- + ------------------ ---------- + 
 | Variable_name |价值| 
 + -------------------------- + ------------------ ---------- + 
 | character_set_client | utf8mb4 | 
 | character_set_connection | utf8 | 
 | character_set_database | utf8 | 
 | character_set_filesystem |二进制| 
 | character_set_results | utf8mb4 | 
 | character_set_server | utf8 | 
 | character_set_system | utf8 | 
 | character_sets_dir | / usr / share / mysql / charsets / | 
 + -------------------------- + ------------------ ---------- + 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
这里可能有什么问题？为什么它显示 utf8mb4 而不是 utf8 ？
解决方案
您可能需要执行以下操作：
 
 
 
  MySQL Connector / J 5.1.13（2010-06-24）中的更改 
 
 
 
 
 
 
连接器/ J不支持服务器5.5.2和更新版本的utf8mb4。
 
 
 
 Connector / J now auto-检测配置了character_set_server = utf8mb4的服务器，或者在建立连接时使用的SET NAMES =调用中处理使用characterEncoding = ...作为utf8mb4传递的Java编码utf-8。 （Bug＃54175）
 
 
 
 
MySQL 5.6 Configuration

I have configured /etc/mysql/my.cnf manually to use utf8. See below:
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
character-sets-dir=/usr/share/mysql/charsets

[mysql]
character-sets-dir=/usr/share/mysql/charsets default-character-set=utf8

[mysqladmin]
character-sets-dir=/usr/share/mysql/charsets default-character-set=utf8

[mysqlcheck]
character-sets-dir=/usr/share/mysql/charsets default-character-set=utf8

[mysqldump]
character-sets-dir=/usr/share/mysql/charsets default-character-set=utf8

[mysqlimport]
character-sets-dir=/usr/share/mysql/charsets default-character-set=utf8

[mysqlshow]
character-sets-dir=/usr/share/mysql/charsets default-character-set=utf8

[client]
character-sets-dir=/usr/share/mysql/charsets default-character-set=utf8
From console:
mysql> show variables like 'char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)


Application configuration

Now for the web-app I used both of this connection url in Tomcat's context.xml
url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"

url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&characterSetResults=utf8&connectionCollation=utf8_general_ci"
Above does not work and gives me following for the application.
show variables like 'char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8mb4                    |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+




What might be wrong here? Why it is showing utf8mb4 instead utf8?
解决方案
You may have to do with the following:

Changes in MySQL Connector/J 5.1.13 (2010-06-24)


Connector/J did not support utf8mb4 for servers 5.5.2 and newer.

Connector/J now auto-detects servers configured with character_set_server=utf8mb4 or treats the Java encoding utf-8 passed using characterEncoding=... as utf8mb4 in the SET NAMES= calls it    makes when establishing the connection. (Bug #54175)


                        
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