加密文件时减少内存消耗c＃ [英] Decrease memory consumption when encrypting files c#

问题描述

我的加密应用程序正在使用大量的内存，它根本无法处理大型文件，如何优化我的代码来处理大文件？我使用下面的代码将文件转换为base64（大幅增加文件大小）

  Console.Write（Enter File路径：）; 
 docPath = Console.ReadLine（）; 
 extension = docPath.Substring（docPath.IndexOf（。））。 
 byte [] binarydata = File.ReadAllBytes（docPath）; 
 text = System.Convert.ToBase64String（binarydata，0，binarydata.Length）; 
 var Encrypted = AESCryptography.Encrypt（text，m.ToString（），extension）; 
 using（FileStream fs = File.Create（docPath.Substring（0，docPath.IndexOf（。））+.aent））
 {
 Byte [] info = new UTF8Encoding（真）.GetBytes（加密）; 
 //向文件添加一些信息。 
 fs.Write（info，0，info.Length）; 
} 
  

如何在块中执行此操作？我的加密类：

  public static class AESCryptography 
 {
 private const int keysize = 256; 
 public static string Encrypt（string plainText，string passPhrase，string extention）
 {
 byte [] plainTextBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes（plainText）; 
使用（PasswordDeriveBytes password = new PasswordDeriveBytes（passPhrase，null））
 {
 byte [] keyBytes = password.GetBytes（keysize / 8）; 
 using（RijndaelManaged symmetricKey = new RijndaelManaged（））
 {
 symmetricKey.GenerateIV（）; 
 symmetricKey.Mode = CipherMode.CBC; 
 using（ICryptoTransform encryptor = symmetricKey.CreateEncryptor（keyBytes，symmetricKey.IV））
 {
 using（MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream（））
 {
 using CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream（memoryStream，encryptor，CryptoStreamMode.Write）
 {
 cryptoStream.Write（plainTextBytes，0，plainTextBytes.Length）; 
 cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock（）; 
 byte [] cipherTextBytes = memoryStream.ToArray（）; 
 return Convert.ToBase64String（cipherTextBytes）+\\\
+ Convert.ToBase64String（symmetricKey.IV）+\\\
+ extention; 
} 
} 
} 
} 
} 
} 
 
 public static string Decrypt（string cipherText，string passPhrase，string initVector）
 {
 byte [] initVectorBytes = Convert.FromBase64String（initVector）; 
 byte [] cipherTextBytes = Convert.FromBase64String（cipherText）; 
使用（PasswordDeriveBytes password = new PasswordDeriveBytes（passPhrase，null））
 {
 byte [] keyBytes = password.GetBytes（keysize / 8）; 
 using（RijndaelManaged symmetricKey = new RijndaelManaged（））
 {
 symmetricKey.Mode = CipherMode.CBC; 
 using（ICryptoTransform decryptor = symmetricKey.CreateDecryptor（keyBytes，initVectorBytes））
 {
 using（MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream（cipherTextBytes））
 {
 using（CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream（memoryStream，decryptor，CryptoStreamMode.Read））
 {
 byte [] plainTextBytes = new byte [cipherTextBytes.Length]; 
 int decryptptedByteCount = cryptoStream.Read（plainTextBytes，0，plainTextBytes.Length）; 
 return Encoding.UTF8.GetString（plainTextBytes，0，decryptptedByteCount）; 
} 
} 
} 
} 
} 
} 
} 
  

解决方案

• 首先，您正在从文件中读取字节： byte [] binaryData = File.ReadAllBytes（docPath）;


• 然后将字节转换为字符串： text = System.Convert.ToBase64String （binarydata，0，binarydata.Length）;


• 然后你从字符串中取回你的字节： byte [] plainTextBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes（plainText）;

您正在内存中存储所有的

解决方案：

• 删除转换为/从字符串的部分，所以不要使用字符串，只能使用字节。


• 然后放下整个ReadAll字节的东西，加载所有的文件在内存中，并通过小块进行处理。请参阅对大文件使用Rijndael加密，例如

My encryption app is using to much memory and it simply can't handle large files, how can I optimize my code for handling large files? I am using the code below to convert the file to base64 (increasing the file size dramatically)

Console.Write("Enter File Path: ");
docPath = Console.ReadLine();
extension = docPath.Substring(docPath.IndexOf(".")).Trim();
byte[] binarydata = File.ReadAllBytes(docPath);
text = System.Convert.ToBase64String(binarydata, 0, binarydata.Length);
var Encrypted = AESCryptography.Encrypt(text, m.ToString(), extension);
using (FileStream fs = File.Create(docPath.Substring(0,docPath.IndexOf(".")) + ".aent"))
{
    Byte[] info = new UTF8Encoding(true).GetBytes(Encrypted);
    // Add some information to the file.
    fs.Write(info, 0, info.Length);
}

How can I do this in blocks? Heres my encryption class:

public static class AESCryptography
{
    private const int keysize = 256;
    public static string Encrypt(string plainText, string passPhrase, string extention)
    {
        byte[] plainTextBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText);
        using (PasswordDeriveBytes password = new PasswordDeriveBytes(passPhrase, null))
        {
            byte[] keyBytes = password.GetBytes(keysize / 8);
            using (RijndaelManaged symmetricKey = new RijndaelManaged())
            {
                symmetricKey.GenerateIV();
                symmetricKey.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
                using (ICryptoTransform encryptor = symmetricKey.CreateEncryptor(keyBytes, symmetricKey.IV))
                {
                    using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
                    {
                        using (CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memoryStream, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
                        {
                            cryptoStream.Write(plainTextBytes, 0, plainTextBytes.Length);
                            cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock();
                            byte[] cipherTextBytes = memoryStream.ToArray();
                            return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherTextBytes) + "\n" + Convert.ToBase64String(symmetricKey.IV) + "\n" + extention;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public static string Decrypt(string cipherText, string passPhrase, string initVector)
    {
        byte[] initVectorBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(initVector);
        byte[] cipherTextBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);
        using (PasswordDeriveBytes password = new PasswordDeriveBytes(passPhrase, null))
        {
            byte[] keyBytes = password.GetBytes(keysize / 8);
            using (RijndaelManaged symmetricKey = new RijndaelManaged())
            {
                symmetricKey.Mode = CipherMode.CBC;
                using (ICryptoTransform decryptor = symmetricKey.CreateDecryptor(keyBytes, initVectorBytes))
                {
                    using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(cipherTextBytes))
                    {
                        using (CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memoryStream, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
                        {
                            byte[] plainTextBytes = new byte[cipherTextBytes.Length];
                            int decryptedByteCount = cryptoStream.Read(plainTextBytes, 0, plainTextBytes.Length);
                            return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plainTextBytes, 0, decryptedByteCount);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

解决方案

• First you're reading bytes from your file: byte[] binarydata = File.ReadAllBytes(docPath);
• Then you're converting bytes to a string: text = System.Convert.ToBase64String(binarydata, 0, binarydata.Length);
• Then you're getting your bytes back from the string: byte[] plainTextBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText);

You're currently storing in memory all of your large file twice (actually way more than twice because base64 string uses more memory than just a byte array).

Solution:

• Drop the part that converts to/from string so you don't use strings at all but only bytes.
• Then drop the whole ReadAllBytes thing that loads all your file in memory and process by small chunks instead. See Using Rijndael encryption for large files for example

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