我可以覆盖在另一个上面WPF窗口？ [英] Can I overlay a WPF window on top of another?

问题描述

我有一个WPF窗口，其中包含一个的WindowsFormsHost 元素。我要画的东西在这个单元的顶部，但的WindowsFormsHost 的性质意味着它总是在图纸堆的顶部。正如我可以在同一个WPF窗口中的的WindowsFormsHost 组件的上方不画，我可以覆盖另一个窗口在它的上面？

I have a WPF window, which contains a WindowsFormsHost element. I need to draw things on top of this element, but the nature of WindowsFormsHost means that it's always on the top of the drawing pile. As I cannot draw in the same WPF window on top of the WindowsFormsHost component, can I overlay another window on top of it?

我在一个简陋的方式尝试这样做，但我有几个问题：

I've tried this in a rudimentary way, but I have a few problems:

1）我无法停止从其他应用程序窗口的主窗口之间发生的，以及覆盖窗口。

1) I can't stop windows from other apps going in between the main window, and the overlay window.

2）当我使用Alt-Tab，覆盖窗口会出现在窗口列表中，这是pretty的难看。

2) When I Alt-Tab, the overlay window appears in the window list, which is pretty ugly.

基本上，我需要一个子窗口的理念，窗口，所有意图和目的，出现另一个窗口的一部分。用户控件不会为我工作，因为的WindowsFormsHost 将总是的画在它的上面。

Basically I need the concept of a "child window", and window which to all intents and purposes appears as part of another window. UserControls won't work for me, as the WindowsFormsHost will always draw on top of it.

任何想法？

更新[5月23日11年在10时13]

感谢你们的答案。

我已经试过了 ChildWindow 方法，而的WindowsFormsHost 元素仍然吸引之上。据我所知，只有一个真正的窗口，可以在一个的WindowsFormsHost ，在同一个窗口任何事情都会在的WindowsFormsHost 。

I've tried the ChildWindow approach, and the WindowsFormsHost element still draws on top. As I understand it, only a true window can draw on top of a WindowsFormsHost, anything in the same window will go under the WindowsFormsHost.

使用的元素在的WindowsFormsHost 下一个WinForms组件仍然会画画，他们总是画在上面，这似乎非流通...

An element with the WindowsFormsHost will still draw under a WinForms component, they are always drawn on top, and that seems non-negotiable...

我猜我在寻找一种方法来停靠一个对外窗口作为主窗口的一部分。在Mac上，有一个真正的子窗口的概念，我在寻找类似的东西。

I guess what I'm looking for is a way to dock an external window to act as part of the main window. On the Mac, there is the concept of a true "child window", I'm looking for something like that.

推荐答案

我通过解决此问题制定出台了弹出，而不是透明的窗口

I've worked around this problem by using a Popup rather than a transparent Window

更新

我结束了一个子类弹出我称之为 AirspacePopup 。

I ended up with a subclassed Popup which I call AirspacePopup.

什么 AirspacePopup 确实

• 按照其 PlacementTarget 。
• 是不是总在顶部，但放在相对窗口中，它被放置。该解决方案来自克里斯·卡瓦纳的博客。
• 允许移动画面外。这是通过限制弹出和它的子设置负保证金一旦移开屏幕来实现。该解决方案来自<一个href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4632316/is-there-any-way-to-stop-a-wpf-popup-from-repositioning-itself-when-it-goes-off-s">this计算器后通过的里克Sladkey 的

• Follow its PlacementTarget.
• Is not always-on-top, but placed relative to the Window in which it is being placed. This solution comes from Chris Cavanagh's Blog.
• Is allowed to be moved "outside of the screen". This is achieved by clipping the Popup and setting negative Margin on its child once it moves off-screen. This solution comes from this StackOverflow post by Rick Sladkey

下面是一个例子， AirspacePopup 用于在一个椭圆 > web浏览器控制（这实际上是一个WinForms控制），但它的工作同样出色任何的WindowsFormsHost 。

Here is an example where AirspacePopup is used to draw an Ellipse on top of a WebBrowser Control (which is in fact a WinForms Control) but it will work just as well with any WindowsFormsHost.

<Grid>
    <local:AirspacePopup PlacementTarget="{Binding ElementName=webBrowser}"
                         FollowPlacementTarget="True"
                         AllowOutsideScreenPlacement="True"
                         ParentWindow="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type Window}}}"
                         IsOpen="True"
                         AllowsTransparency="True"
                         Placement="Center"
                         Width="{Binding ElementName=googleBrowser, Path=ActualWidth}"
                         Height="{Binding ElementName=googleBrowser, Path=ActualHeight}">
        <Grid>
            <Ellipse Width="100" Height="100" Fill="Green" Margin="100"/>
        </Grid>
    </local:AirspacePopup>
    <WebBrowser Name="webBrowser" Loaded="WebBrowser_Loaded"/>
</Grid>

后面简单code导航.. 的

public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }

    private void WebBrowser_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        WebBrowser webbrowser = sender as WebBrowser;
        webbrowser.Navigate("http://www.stackoverflow.com");
    }
}

AirspacePopup

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls.Primitives;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Interop;

public class AirspacePopup : Popup
{
    public static readonly DependencyProperty IsTopmostProperty =
        DependencyProperty.Register("IsTopmost",
                                    typeof(bool),
                                    typeof(AirspacePopup),
                                    new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(false, OnIsTopmostChanged));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty FollowPlacementTargetProperty =
        DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("FollowPlacementTarget",
                                            typeof(bool),
                                            typeof(AirspacePopup),
                                            new UIPropertyMetadata(false));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty AllowOutsideScreenPlacementProperty =
        DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("AllowOutsideScreenPlacement",
                                            typeof(bool),
                                            typeof(AirspacePopup),
                                            new UIPropertyMetadata(false));

    public static readonly DependencyProperty ParentWindowProperty =
        DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("ParentWindow",
                                            typeof(Window),
                                            typeof(AirspacePopup),
                                            new UIPropertyMetadata(null, ParentWindowPropertyChanged));

    private static void OnIsTopmostChanged(DependencyObject source, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        AirspacePopup airspacePopup = source as AirspacePopup;
        airspacePopup.SetTopmostState(airspacePopup.IsTopmost);
    }

    private static void ParentWindowPropertyChanged(DependencyObject source, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        AirspacePopup airspacePopup = source as AirspacePopup;
        airspacePopup.ParentWindowChanged();
    }

    private bool? m_appliedTopMost;
    private bool m_alreadyLoaded;
    private Window m_parentWindow;

    public AirspacePopup()
    {
        Loaded += OnPopupLoaded;
        Unloaded += OnPopupUnloaded;

        DependencyPropertyDescriptor descriptor = DependencyPropertyDescriptor.FromProperty(PlacementTargetProperty, typeof(AirspacePopup));
        descriptor.AddValueChanged(this, PlacementTargetChanged);
    }

    public bool IsTopmost
    {
        get { return (bool)GetValue(IsTopmostProperty); }
        set { SetValue(IsTopmostProperty, value); }
    }
    public bool FollowPlacementTarget
    {
        get { return (bool)GetValue(FollowPlacementTargetProperty); }
        set { SetValue(FollowPlacementTargetProperty, value); }
    }
    public bool AllowOutsideScreenPlacement
    {
        get { return (bool)GetValue(AllowOutsideScreenPlacementProperty); }
        set { SetValue(AllowOutsideScreenPlacementProperty, value); }
    }
    public Window ParentWindow
    {
        get { return (Window)GetValue(ParentWindowProperty); }
        set { SetValue(ParentWindowProperty, value); }
    }

    private void ParentWindowChanged()
    {
        if (ParentWindow != null)
        {
            ParentWindow.LocationChanged += (sender, e2) =>
            {
                UpdatePopupPosition();
            };
            ParentWindow.SizeChanged += (sender, e2) =>
            {
                UpdatePopupPosition();
            };
        }
    }
    private void PlacementTargetChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        FrameworkElement placementTarget = this.PlacementTarget as FrameworkElement;
        if (placementTarget != null)
        {
            placementTarget.SizeChanged += (sender2, e2) =>
            {
                UpdatePopupPosition();
            };
        }
    }

    private void UpdatePopupPosition()
    {
        FrameworkElement placementTarget = this.PlacementTarget as FrameworkElement;
        FrameworkElement child = this.Child as FrameworkElement;

        if (PresentationSource.FromVisual(placementTarget) != null &&
            AllowOutsideScreenPlacement == true)
        {
            double leftOffset = CutLeft(placementTarget);
            double topOffset = CutTop(placementTarget);
            double rightOffset = CutRight(placementTarget);
            double bottomOffset = CutBottom(placementTarget);
            Debug.WriteLine(bottomOffset);
            this.Width = Math.Max(0, Math.Min(leftOffset, rightOffset) + placementTarget.ActualWidth);
            this.Height = Math.Max(0, Math.Min(topOffset, bottomOffset) + placementTarget.ActualHeight);

            if (child != null)
            {
                child.Margin = new Thickness(leftOffset, topOffset, rightOffset, bottomOffset);
            }
        }
        if (FollowPlacementTarget == true)
        {
            this.HorizontalOffset += 0.01;
            this.HorizontalOffset -= 0.01;
        }
    }
    private double CutLeft(FrameworkElement placementTarget)
    {
        Point point = placementTarget.PointToScreen(new Point(0, placementTarget.ActualWidth));
        return Math.Min(0, point.X);
    }
    private double CutTop(FrameworkElement placementTarget)
    {
        Point point = placementTarget.PointToScreen(new Point(placementTarget.ActualHeight, 0));
        return Math.Min(0, point.Y);
    }
    private double CutRight(FrameworkElement placementTarget)
    {
        Point point = placementTarget.PointToScreen(new Point(0, placementTarget.ActualWidth));
        point.X += placementTarget.ActualWidth;
        return Math.Min(0, SystemParameters.VirtualScreenWidth - (Math.Max(SystemParameters.VirtualScreenWidth, point.X)));
    }
    private double CutBottom(FrameworkElement placementTarget)
    {
        Point point = placementTarget.PointToScreen(new Point(placementTarget.ActualHeight, 0));
        point.Y += placementTarget.ActualHeight;
        return Math.Min(0, SystemParameters.VirtualScreenHeight - (Math.Max(SystemParameters.VirtualScreenHeight, point.Y)));
    }

    private void OnPopupLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        if (m_alreadyLoaded) 
            return;

        m_alreadyLoaded = true;

        if (Child != null)
        {
            Child.AddHandler(PreviewMouseLeftButtonDownEvent, new MouseButtonEventHandler(OnChildPreviewMouseLeftButtonDown), true);
        }

        m_parentWindow = Window.GetWindow(this);

        if (m_parentWindow == null) 
            return;

        m_parentWindow.Activated += OnParentWindowActivated;
        m_parentWindow.Deactivated += OnParentWindowDeactivated;
    }

    private void OnPopupUnloaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        if (m_parentWindow == null)
            return;
        m_parentWindow.Activated -= OnParentWindowActivated;
        m_parentWindow.Deactivated -= OnParentWindowDeactivated;
    }

    private void OnParentWindowActivated(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        SetTopmostState(true);
    }

    private void OnParentWindowDeactivated(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (IsTopmost == false)
        {
            SetTopmostState(IsTopmost);
        }
    }

    private void OnChildPreviewMouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
    {
        SetTopmostState(true);
        if (!m_parentWindow.IsActive && IsTopmost == false)
        {
            m_parentWindow.Activate();
        }
    }

    protected override void OnOpened(EventArgs e)
    {
        SetTopmostState(IsTopmost);
        base.OnOpened(e);
    }

    private void SetTopmostState(bool isTop)
    {
        // Don’t apply state if it’s the same as incoming state
        if (m_appliedTopMost.HasValue && m_appliedTopMost == isTop)
        {
            return;
        }

        if (Child == null) 
            return;

        var hwndSource = (PresentationSource.FromVisual(Child)) as HwndSource;

        if (hwndSource == null) 
            return;
        var hwnd = hwndSource.Handle;

        RECT rect;

        if (!GetWindowRect(hwnd, out rect)) 
            return;

        Debug.WriteLine("setting z-order " + isTop);

        if (isTop)
        {
            SetWindowPos(hwnd, HWND_TOPMOST, rect.Left, rect.Top, (int)Width, (int)Height, TOPMOST_FLAGS);
        }
        else
        {
            // Z-Order would only get refreshed/reflected if clicking the
            // the titlebar (as opposed to other parts of the external
            // window) unless I first set the popup to HWND_BOTTOM
            // then HWND_TOP before HWND_NOTOPMOST
            SetWindowPos(hwnd, HWND_BOTTOM, rect.Left, rect.Top, (int)Width, (int)Height, TOPMOST_FLAGS);
            SetWindowPos(hwnd, HWND_TOP, rect.Left, rect.Top, (int)Width, (int)Height, TOPMOST_FLAGS);
            SetWindowPos(hwnd, HWND_NOTOPMOST, rect.Left, rect.Top, (int)Width, (int)Height, TOPMOST_FLAGS);
        }

        m_appliedTopMost = isTop;
    }

    #region P/Invoke imports & definitions
    #pragma warning disable 1591 //Xml-doc
    #pragma warning disable 169 //Never used-warning
    // ReSharper disable InconsistentNaming
    // Imports etc. with their naming rules

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct RECT

    {
        public int Left;
        public int Top;
        public int Right;
        public int Bottom;
    }

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
    private static extern bool GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd, out RECT lpRect);

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern bool SetWindowPos(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr hWndInsertAfter, int X,
    int Y, int cx, int cy, uint uFlags);

    static readonly IntPtr HWND_TOPMOST = new IntPtr(-1);
    static readonly IntPtr HWND_NOTOPMOST = new IntPtr(-2);
    static readonly IntPtr HWND_TOP = new IntPtr(0);
    static readonly IntPtr HWND_BOTTOM = new IntPtr(1);

    private const UInt32 SWP_NOSIZE = 0x0001;
    const UInt32 SWP_NOMOVE = 0x0002;
    const UInt32 SWP_NOZORDER = 0x0004;
    const UInt32 SWP_NOREDRAW = 0x0008;
    const UInt32 SWP_NOACTIVATE = 0x0010;

    const UInt32 SWP_FRAMECHANGED = 0x0020; /* The frame changed: send WM_NCCALCSIZE */
    const UInt32 SWP_SHOWWINDOW = 0x0040;
    const UInt32 SWP_HIDEWINDOW = 0x0080;
    const UInt32 SWP_NOCOPYBITS = 0x0100;
    const UInt32 SWP_NOOWNERZORDER = 0x0200; /* Don’t do owner Z ordering */
    const UInt32 SWP_NOSENDCHANGING = 0x0400; /* Don’t send WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGING */

    const UInt32 TOPMOST_FLAGS = 
        SWP_NOACTIVATE | SWP_NOOWNERZORDER | SWP_NOSIZE | SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOREDRAW | SWP_NOSENDCHANGING;

    // ReSharper restore InconsistentNaming
    #pragma warning restore 1591
    #pragma warning restore 169
    #endregion
}

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