python枚举与属性 [英] python enums with attributes

问题描述

考虑：

class Item:
   def __init__(self, a, b):
       self.a = a
       self.b = b

class Items:
    GREEN = Item('a', 'b')
    BLUE = Item('c', 'd')

有没有办法使简单的枚举的想法适应这种情况？ （请参阅此问题）理想情况下，作为在Java中，我想把它全部归入一个类。

Is there a way to adapt the ideas for simple enums to this case? (see this question) Ideally, as in Java, I would like to cram it all into one class.

Java模型：

enum EnumWithAttrs {
    GREEN("a", "b"),
    BLUE("c", "d");

    EnumWithAttrs(String a, String b) {
      this.a = a;
      this.b = b;
    }

    private String a;
    private String b;

    /* accessors and other java noise */
}

推荐答案

Python 3.4有一个新的枚举数据类型（已 backported as enum34 和增强为 aenum ¹ ）。 enum34 和 aenum ² 轻松支持您的用例：

Python 3.4 has a new Enum data type (which has been backported as enum34 and enhanced as aenum¹). Both enum34 and aenum² easily support your use case:

[ aenum py2 / 3]

[aenum py2/3]

import aenum
class EnumWithAttrs(aenum.AutoNumberEnum):
    _init_ = 'a b'
    GREEN = 'a', 'b'
    BLUE = 'c', 'd'

[ enum34 py2 / 3或 stdlib枚举 3.4 +]

[enum34 py2/3 or stdlib enum 3.4+]

import enum
class EnumWithAttrs(enum.Enum):

    def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
        value = len(cls.__members__) + 1
        obj = object.__new__(cls)
        obj._value_ = value
        return obj

    def __init__(self, a, b):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b

    GREEN = 'a', 'b'
    BLUE = 'c', 'd'

正在使用：

--> EnumWithAttrs.BLUE
<EnumWithAttrs.BLUE: 1>

--> EnumWithAttrs.BLUE.a
'c'

---

¹ 披露：我是 Python stdlib的作者枚举 ， enum34 backport 和高级枚举（ aenum ）库。

---

¹ Disclosure: I am the author of the Python stdlib Enum, the enum34 backport, and the Advanced Enumeration (aenum) library.

² aenum 还支持 NamedConstants 和基于元类的 NamedTuples 。

这篇关于python枚举与属性的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！