不能调整AWS EBS根卷或创建更大的交换分区 [英] Cannot resize AWS EBS root volume or create larger swap partition
问题描述
我有一个亚马逊网络服务EC2的Debian 8.0实例与35GB的弹性块存储（EBS）卷。 FDISK正确显示大小，但我的根分区仍处于7.8G，虽然我试图执行resize2fs中。
I have a Amazon Web Services EC2 Debian 8.0 instance with an Elastic Block Storage (EBS) volume of 35GB. fdisk correctly shows the size but my root partition is still at 7.8G, although I tried to execute resize2fs.
root@ip-10-0-3-164:/home/admin# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/xvda: 35 GiB, 37580963840 bytes, 73400320 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x7d936f86
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/xvda1 * 4096 16773119 16769024 8G 83 Linux
root@ip-10-0-3-164:/home/admin# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1 7.8G 2.1G 5.3G 29% /
udev 10M 0 10M 0% /dev
tmpfs 200M 4.3M 196M 3% /run
tmpfs 500M 0 500M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 500M 0 500M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
root@ip-10-0-3-164:/home/admin# resize2fs /dev/xvda1
resize2fs 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
The filesystem is already 2096128 (4k) blocks long. Nothing to do!
root@ip-10-0-3-164:/home/admin# fdisk /dev/xvda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.25.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/xvda: 35 GiB, 37580963840 bytes, 73400320 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x7d936f86
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/xvda1 * 4096 16773119 16769024 8G 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2
First sector (2048-73400319, default 2048): 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-4095, default 4095):
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 1 MiB.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/xvda: 35 GiB, 37580963840 bytes, 73400320 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x7d936f86
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/xvda1 * 4096 16773119 16769024 8G 83 Linux
/dev/xvda2 2048 4095 2048 1M 83 Linux
Partition table entries are not in disk order.
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2
Hex code (type L to list all codes): L
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 82
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux swap / Solaris'.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Re-reading the partition table failed.: Device or resource busy
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8).
root@ip-10-0-3-164:/home/admin# fdisk /dev/xvda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.25.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/xvda: 35 GiB, 37580963840 bytes, 73400320 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x7d936f86
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/xvda1 * 4096 16773119 16769024 8G 83 Linux
/dev/xvda2 2048 4095 2048 1M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Partition table entries are not in disk order.
正如你看到的，使用resize2fs没有效果。我也不能创建超过1M的空间交换分区。
As you see, the resize2fs does not have effect. I also cannot create a swap partition with more space than 1M.
这个问题发生在我所有的实例。虽然他们都拥有30-35GB EBS卷，我不能调整他们，他们留在8GB。 当我附上只是除了根装之一的额外容量，它工作正常。
This problem occurs on all my instances. Although they all have 30-35GB EBS volumes, I cannot resize them and they stay at 8GB. When I attach just an additional volume besides the root mounted one, it works fine.
您能帮我吗？
推荐答案
调整与杰西对AWS EC2 + EBS Debian的8 resize2fs中分区是行不通的。
Resize partition with resize2fs on Debian 8 Jessie on AWS EC2 + EBS is not working.
我的解决办法是手动创建这个单独的卷。
My solution was to manually creating a separate volume for this.
我会一步怎么做这里添加手动步骤。
I will add here a manual step by step how to do.
首先请您实例的备份，创建图像AMI或快照卷。
First make a backup of your instance, creating an Image AMI or Snapshot Volume.
创建映像。
Creating Image.
或创建快照。
现在让我们创建一个Debian的8例如，只有重新分区你所需要的量。
Now let's create a Debian 8 instance, only to repartition the volume you need.
和创造，直到启动该实例的完成所有的步骤。
and finish all the steps of creating the instance until it start.
访问实例的SSH。
以root身份登录。
sudo -i
现在，让我们设置的source.list能够安装了分手。
Now let's set the source.list be able to install the 'parted'.
pico /etc/apt/sources.list
和更新与该文件
##########################################################################
deb http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian jessie main contrib non-free
deb-src http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian jessie main contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/ jessie/updates main contrib non-free
deb http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian jessie-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian jessie-updates main contrib non-free
deb http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian jessie-backports main contrib non-free
deb-src http://cloudfront.debian.net/debian jessie-backports main contrib non-free
##########################################################################
运行apt-get的。
run the apt-get.
apt-get clean && apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
现在让我们安装了分手。
Now let's install the parted.
apt-get install parted
现在停止创建的实例。
现在我们创建一个从你创建的快照备份卷。
Now let's create a volume from the snapshot backup that you created.
注意：通知你想让这个分区的总规模，在这里
NOTE: Inform the size of the total of the partition you want, here.
添加体积为/ dev / SDF
Add the volume in /dev/sdf
现在启动实例。
访问实例的SSH。
以root身份登录。
sudo -i
检查分区
df -h
lsblk
您会看到这样的输出。
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
xvda 202:0 0 8G 0 disk
└─xvda1 202:1 0 8G 0 part /
xvdf 202:80 0 40G 0 disk
└─xvdf1 202:81 0 8G 0 part
在xvdf有40G和xvdf1配备8G的。
The xvdf with 40G and xvdf1 with 8G.
现在让我们来运行分手的卷/ dev / xvdf。
Now let's run the parted on volume /dev/xvdf.
parted /dev/xvdf
在分手了。设置单位。
(parted) unit s
打印分区信息看看。
Print partition information to see.
(parted) print
您会看到这样的输出。
Model: Xen Virtual Block Device (xvd)
Disk /dev/xvdf: 83886080s
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1s 16777215s 16777215s primary ext4 boot
删除该分区。 （这不会删除数据，数据将在后面检索）。
Remove the partition. (This will not delete the data, data is retrieved later).
(parted) rm 1
现在，我们从安装在卷开始的1秒，到最后100％的新分区。
Now we mount the new partition from begin 1s, to the end 100% of in the volume.
(parted) mkpart primary 1 100%
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? : Ignore
打印分区信息看看。
Print partition information to see.
(parted) print
您会看到这样的输出。
Model: Xen Virtual Block Device (xvd)
Disk /dev/xvdf: 83886080s
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1s 83886079s 83886079s primary lba
现在设置分区为引导。
(parted) set 1 boot on
和最终确定分手了。
(parted) quit
忽略的信息打印。
Ignore information print.
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
检查分区
lsblk
您会看到这样的输出。
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
xvda 202:0 0 8G 0 disk
└─xvda1 202:1 0 8G 0 part /
xvdf 202:80 0 40G 0 disk
└─xvdf1 202:81 0 40G 0 part
现在看到它的xvdf和xvdf1有大小40G。 \ O /
See it now that xvdf and xvdf1 has the size 40G. \o/
现在，我们只需要保证e2fsck的检查和索引数据。
Now we just need to make e2fsck to check and index the data.
注意：e2fsck将可能需要很长的时间做了检查。你应该等待。
NOTE: e2fsck can take a long time to do the check. You should awaits.
e2fsck -f /dev/xvdf1
您会看到这样的输出。
e2fsck 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/xvdf1: 208603/524288 files (0.2% non-contiguous), 1918667/2097151 blocks
一切OK的分区。
Everything Ok with the partition.
现在进行分区的快照备份，因为我们在开始教程一样。
Now make a snapshot backup of the partition, as we did in the beginning tutorial.
创建新卷与创建快照，并添加原始实例。
Create a new volume with the snapshot created, and add the original instance.
切记先停止该实例。的
删除旧卷实例，将新卷实例。
Remove the old volume instance and add the new volume instance.
附加到（的/ dev / ****）原创，即时我的情况是/ dev / sda上。
Attach to (/dev/****) original, im my case is /dev/sda.
启动实例，都准备好了！调整分区大小。 \ O /
Start the instance and all ready! Resized partition. \o/
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