curl如何POST多部分/表单数据数据以及如何读取多部分/表单数据的请求 [英] Curl how to POST multipart/form-data data and How to Read multipart/form-data in flask request

问题描述

我尝试通过CURL发布multipart / form-data，其中包含
$ b

• li>
  
• 流对象pdf和jpeg文件
  

 卷曲-i -X POST -H 
 的授权： eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsImV4cCI6MTQyNjcwNTY4NiwiaWF0IjoxNDI2NzAyMDg2fQ.eyJpZCI6MTc3fQ.yBwLFez2RnxTojLniL8YLItWVvBb90HF_yfhcsyg3lY -H 
 
内容类型：应用/多部分/格式数据-d{user data：{preferred_city：Newyork，within_radious：5}}'--data-binary 
 
uploaded_documents：@ mydocument.pdf http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/city 
  

现在，我需要阅读这个多部分在请求对象的数据。我试过了

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ request.data
code $

它确实打印了数据，但是我不确定如何读取流对象并将文件存储到磁盘。

$ b $ ol $ b $ li $ $ c $ application application / multipart / form-data 不是有效的MIME类型，因此
Content-Type 无效。对于文件上传，内容类型通常是 multipart / form-data 。另外，你不需要指定内容类型，curl会根据参数来处理它。

使用 -F 而不是 -d 会导致curl生成和发布
multipart / form-data 表单

为每个表单域指定一个名称。

结果在该卷曲的命令：

 卷曲-i -H 授权： eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsImV4cCI6MTQyNjcwNTY4NiwiaWF0IjoxNDI2NzAyMDg2fQ.eyJpZCI6MTc3fQ.yBwLFez2RnxTojLniL8YLItWVvBb90HF_yfhcsyg3lY \ 
 -F user_data ='{user data：{preferred_city：Newyork，within_radious：5}}'\ 
 -F uploaded_documents=@mydocument.pdf \ 
 http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/city 
  

您可以指定内容类型对于每个部分，如果你不喜欢curl选择的文件（该文件将是应用程序/八位字节流）：

 卷曲-i -H 授权： eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsImV4cCI6MTQyNjcwNTY4NiwiaWF0IjoxNDI2NzAyMDg2fQ.eyJpZCI6MTc3fQ.yBwLFez2RnxTojLniL8YLItWVvBb90HF_yfhcsyg3lY \ 
 -F的user_data = { 用户数据：{ preferred_city： 纽约， within_radious： 5}};类型= application / json'\ 
 -F'uploaded_documents=@mydocument.pdf; type = application / pdf'\ 
 http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/city 
  

最后一个命令会生成一个HTTP请求，如下所示：

 
 POST / api / city HTTP / 1.1 
 User-Agent：curl / 7.32.0 
 Host：127.0.0.1:5000 
 Accept：* / * 
授权：eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsImV4cCI6MTQyNjcwNTY4NiwiaWF0IjoxNDI2NzAyMDg2fQ.eyJpZCI6MTc3fQ.yBwLFez2RnxTojLniL8YLItWVvBb90HF_yfhcsyg3lY 
的Content-Length：496 
期望值：100继续
内容类型：多部分/格式的数据; boundary = ------------------------ 1ab997efff76fe66 
 
 --------------- ----------- 1ab997efff76fe66 
 Content-Disposition：form-data; name =user_data
 Content-Type：application / json 
 
 {user data：{preferred_city：Newyork，within_radious：5}} 
 -------------------------- 1ab997efff76fe66 
 Content-Disposition：form-data; NAME = uploaded_documents; filename =mydocument.pdf
 Content-Type：application / pdf 
 
这是mydocument.pdf文件。 
它应该是一个pdf文件，但这是更容易测试。 
 
 -------------------------- 1ab997efff76fe66-- 
 

然后在Flask中，你可以使用 request.form 来访问表单数据，例如的request.form [的user_data] 。因为它是一个json字符串，所以你可以使用 json.loads（request.form ['user_data']）。

使用 request.file 可以访问上传的文件这里和这里在Flask文档中。

I tried posting multipart/form-data through CURL which contains,

• A JSON Object
• Stream object pdf and jpeg file

  curl -i -X POST -H  
"Authorization":"eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsImV4cCI6MTQyNjcwNTY4NiwiaWF0IjoxNDI2NzAyMDg2fQ.eyJpZCI6MTc3fQ.yBwLFez2RnxTojLniL8YLItWVvBb90HF_yfhcsyg3lY" -H    

"Content-Type:application/multipart/form-data" -d '{"user data":  {"preferred_city":"Newyork","within_radious":"5"}}' --data-binary   

"uploaded_documents":@mydocument.pdf http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/city

Now, i need to read this multipart data in flask request object.i tried

 request.data

It did print the data but i am not sure how to read the stream object and store the file to disk.

解决方案

There are a few problems with your curl command, all of which might contribute to the problem:

1. application/multipart/form-data is not a valid MIME type, so the Content-Type is invalid. For file uploads the content type would usually be multipart/form-data. Also, you don't need to specify the content type, curl will work it out based on the arguments.
2. Using -F instead of -d will cause curl to generate and post a multipart/form-data form with a valid boundary.
3. A name should be specified for each form field.

Putting that together results in this curl command:

curl -i -H "Authorization":"eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsImV4cCI6MTQyNjcwNTY4NiwiaWF0IjoxNDI2NzAyMDg2fQ.eyJpZCI6MTc3fQ.yBwLFez2RnxTojLniL8YLItWVvBb90HF_yfhcsyg3lY" \
    -F user_data='{"user data": {"preferred_city":"Newyork","within_radious":"5"}}' \
    -F uploaded_documents=@mydocument.pdf \
    http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/city

You can specify the content type for each part if you don't like the ones selected by curl (the file will be application/octet-stream):

curl -i -H "Authorization":"eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsImV4cCI6MTQyNjcwNTY4NiwiaWF0IjoxNDI2NzAyMDg2fQ.eyJpZCI6MTc3fQ.yBwLFez2RnxTojLniL8YLItWVvBb90HF_yfhcsyg3lY" \
    -F 'user_data={"user data": {"preferred_city":"Newyork","within_radious":"5"}};type=application/json' \
    -F 'uploaded_documents=@mydocument.pdf;type=application/pdf' \
    http://127.0.0.1:5000/api/city

The last command would generate a HTTP request like this:

POST /api/city HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: curl/7.32.0
Host: 127.0.0.1:5000
Accept: */*
Authorization:eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsImV4cCI6MTQyNjcwNTY4NiwiaWF0IjoxNDI2NzAyMDg2fQ.eyJpZCI6MTc3fQ.yBwLFez2RnxTojLniL8YLItWVvBb90HF_yfhcsyg3lY
Content-Length: 496
Expect: 100-continue
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=------------------------1ab997efff76fe66

--------------------------1ab997efff76fe66
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="user_data"
Content-Type: application/json

{"user data": {"preferred_city":"Newyork","within_radious":"5"}}
--------------------------1ab997efff76fe66
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="uploaded_documents"; filename="mydocument.pdf"
Content-Type: application/pdf

this is the mydocument.pdf file.
it should be a pdf file, but this is easier to test with.

--------------------------1ab997efff76fe66--

Then in Flask you can access the form data using request.form, e.g. request.form['user_data']. As it is a json string, you could load it using json.loads(request.form['user_data']).

The uploaded file can be accessed by using request.file as described here and here in the Flask documentation.

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