RoR 3创建发票应用程序 - 如何为HABTM发票/产品关联创建表单？ [英] RoR 3 Creating an Invoice app - How do I create the form for a HABTM invoice/products association?

问题描述

我正在尝试制作发票申请。以下是与我的问题相关的模型：
$ b $ p

更新：模型信息因最近的建议而改变

 发票
> id 
> created_at 
> sales_person_id 
 
 LineItem 
> id 
> invoice_id 
> item_id 
> qty_commit（仅限库存）
> qty_sold 
>价格（因为价格变化）
> ...等
 
物品
>条码
>名称
>价格
> ... $ 
  

发票 has_many items，：through => ：line_items 。项目同上。我想要做的是，当我创建一个新的发票时，我希望表单将填充所有可用的项目。我不希望所有项目被填充的唯一时间是查看发票时（因此只应检索LineItems表中存在的项目）。目前 - 显然 - 新发票没有项目。如何在集合中没有任何内容时列出它们，以及如何填充表单？另外，我希望所有产品在创建失败时都可用（以及用户通过表单选择的内容）。
$ b $ p

更新：我可以通过控制器创建项目以下是：

@invoice = Invoice.new

＃使用所有产品填充发票，以便它们可以选择

Item.where（stock>？，0）.each do | i |

@ invoice.items.new（i.attributes）

结束

这当然是我尝试做我想做的尝试。从视觉上看，它的效果非常好，但是正如我预测的那样，当我实际尝试保存模型时，表单ID等效果并不理想。

LineItem （＃37338684）预计，得到数组（＃2250012）

一个例子：

＃f是form_for

<％@ invoice.items.group_by {| p | p.category}。每个do | category，products | ％>



<％= category.name％>



<％= f.fields_for：line_items do | LINE_ITEM | ％>

<％for p in product％>



<％= line_item.hidden_​​field：tax_included，：value => p.tax_included％ >

<％= p.name％>

$<％= p.price％>



< ％end％>

<％end％>

<％end％>

has_many：through 而不是 has_and_belongs_to_many 。请参阅 RoR指南两个。

其次，没有单一的解决方案来达到目的。我看到两种典型的用法，取决于可能的实例数量，一种比另一种更好：

1. 使用单选按钮选择并取消选择）应在哪里创建或删除关系。请参阅 railscast＃165 如何做到这一点。
>

2. 您可以使用带按钮的选择菜单添加关系。请参阅 railscast＃88 。添加的关系可以显示在列表中，并在附近有一个删除按钮。


3. 使用标记字段（请参阅 railscast＃258 ）在一个文本输入字段中自动填充多个条目。
   

在所有情况下，您通常必须在最后检查，如果

• 关系应该被删除


• 保留


• 或创建

我希望有些想法可能会向您显示您的问题的正确解决方案。

---

I'm attempting to make an invoice application. Here are my models which are related to my question:

UPDATE: Model information has changed due to recent suggestions

Invoice  
> id  
> created_at  
> sales_person_id

LineItem
> id  
> invoice_id  
> item_id  
> qty_commit (inventory only)  
> qty_sold  
> price (because prices change)  
> ...etc

Item
> barcode  
> name  
> price
> ...etc

Invoice has_many items, :through => :line_items. Ditto for Item. What I want to do is that when I create a new invoice, I'd like the form to be populated with all available Items. The only time I don't want all items to be populated is when I'm viewing the invoice (so only items which exist in the LineItems table should be retrieved). Currently - and obviously - a new Invoice has no items. How do I get them listed when there is nothing currently in the collection, and how do I populate the form? Also I'd like all products to be available when creation fails (along with what the user selected through the form).

UPDATE: I can create items through the controller via the following:

@invoice = Invoice.new
# Populate the invoice with all products so that they can be selected
Item.where("stock > ?", 0).each do |i|
@invoice.items.new(i.attributes)
end

This is of course my crude attempt at doing what I want. Visually it works out great, but as predicted my form id's and such are not playing well when I actually attempt to save the model.

LineItem(#37338684) expected, got Array(#2250012)

An example of the form:

# f is form_for
<% @invoice.items.group_by{|p| p.category}.each do |category, products| %>

<%= category.name %>

<%= f.fields_for :line_items do |line_item| %>
<% for p in products %>

<%= line_item.hidden_field :tax_included, :value => p.tax_included %>
<%= p.name %>
$<%= p.price %>

<% end %>
<% end %>
<% end %>

解决方案

First of all, if you explicitly want to have a join model with additional attributes in it, you should use has_many :through instead of has_and_belongs_to_many. See the RoR Guide to the differences of the two.

Second, there is no single solution for what you want to reach. I see there two typical usages, depending on the mass of possible instances, one is better than the other:

1. Use radio buttons to select (and deselect) where a relation should be created or deleted. See the railscast #165 how to do part of that.
2. You could use select menus with a button to add a relation. See railscast #88. The added relation could be shown in a list, with a delete button nearby.
3. Use token fields (see railscast #258) to autocomplete multiple entries in one single text entry field.

In all the situations, you normally have to check at the end, if

• a relation should be deleted
• kept
• or created

I hope some of the ideas may show you the right solution for your problem.

---

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