将库包含在makefile中时出错 [英] Error in including a library in makefile

问题描述

库 nlopt 安装在 / usr / lib 当我从命令行编译它时，我的程序正常运行：

gfortran -I / usr / include main.f90 -L / usr / lib -lnlopt -lm -o exec

然而，我需要使用一个makefile。下面的一个似乎很好，但它不起作用，我得到：

main.f90：19：错误：无法打开包括文件'nlopt.f'

请问您能帮忙找到这个bug吗？

---

  INCLUDES = -I / usr / include 
 
 LFLAGS = -L / usr / lib 
 
 LIBS = -lnlopt -lm 
 
 objects = main.o 
 
 f90comp = gfortran 
 
 exec：$（objects） 
 $（f90comp）$（INCLUDES）-o exec $（objects）$（LFLAGS）$（LIBS）
 
 main.o：main.f90 
 $（f90comp） -c main.f90 
 
 clean：
 rm * .o * .mod exec 
 rm $（对象）
 
＃makefile文件结束
  

<（在$（f90comp）和rm之前，有Tab）
<你的错误信息告诉你 nlopt.f ，你在中包含了 nlopt.f > main.f90 在编译时不可用。此文件的路径需要提供给编译器。您在一行中正确地做到了这一点，因为您在提供路径时一次编译和链接：

  gfortran -I / usr / include main.f90 -L / usr / lib -lnlopt -lm -o exec 
  

因为这是可行的， make 不会， nlopt.f 显然不会与 main.f90 ，而是在 / usr / include 中。您需要修改Makefile中的编译行：

  main.o：main.f90 
 $（f90comp） -I / usr / include -c main.f90 
  

I have some troubles with including a library in a makefile.

The library nlopt is installed in /usr/lib and my program properly runs when I compile it from command line:

gfortran -I/usr/include main.f90 -L/usr/lib -lnlopt -lm -o exec

However I need to use a makefile. The one below seems to be fine but it doesn't work, I get:

main.f90:19: Error: Can't open included file 'nlopt.f'

Could you help in finding the bug, please?

---

INCLUDES = -I/usr/include  

LFLAGS = -L/usr/lib  

LIBS = -lnlopt -lm

objects =  main.o

f90comp = gfortran

exec: $(objects)  
    $(f90comp) $(INCLUDES) -o exec $(objects) $(LFLAGS) $(LIBS)

main.o: main.f90
    $(f90comp) -c main.f90

clean:
    rm *.o *.mod exec
    rm $(objects)

# End of the makefile

(Before $(f90comp) and rm, there are Tab)

解决方案

Your error message tells you that nlopt.f, which you are including in your main.f90, is not available at compile time. A path to this file needs to be provided to the compiler. You are doing this correctly in your one liner, because you compile and link in one go while providing the path:

gfortran -I/usr/include main.f90 -L/usr/lib -lnlopt -lm -o exec

Because this works and make does not, nlopt.f apparently does not sit in the same directory as main.f90, but rather in /usr/include. You need to modify the compile line in your Makefile:

main.o: main.f90
    $(f90comp) -I/usr/include -c main.f90

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