无法安装gem - 无法构建gem本机扩展 - 无法加载此类文件 - mkmf（LoadError） [英] Unable to install gem - Failed to build gem native extension - cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)

问题描述

Ruby 1.9.3

Gemfile的部分

  ＃............... 
宝石小马
宝石bcrypt-ruby，：require => bcrypt
 gemnokogiri
＃.................. 
  

当我尝试安装宝石时，出现错误

  alex @ ubuntu：〜/ $ bundle 
从http：//rubygems.org / ......... 
获取gem元数据从http://rubygems.org/获取gem元数据。 。
输入您的密码以将捆绑的RubyGems安装到您的系统中：
 ##### ........................ .................................... 
安装bcrypt-ruby（3.0.1）本地扩展
 Gem :: Installer :: ExtensionBuildError：错误：无法构建gem本机扩展。 
 
 /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb 
 /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in`require'：can not load such file  -  mkmf（LoadError）
 from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in`require'
 from extconf.rb：36：in<<主要>'
 
 
 Gem文件将保留安装在/home/alex/.bundler/tmp/5526/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1中进行检查。 
记录到/home/alex/.bundler/tmp/5526/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1/ext/mri/gem_make.out 
的结果安装bcrypt-ruby（3.0 .1）和Bundler无法继续。 
确保在捆绑之前，gem install bcrypt-ruby -v'3.0.1'`成功。 
  

然后我就这样做了

  sudo gem install bcrypt-ruby -v'3.0.1'
构建原生扩展。这可能需要一段时间... 
错误：安装bcrypt-ruby错误：
错误：无法构建gem本机扩展。 
 
 /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb 
 /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in`require'：can not load such file  -  mkmf（LoadError）
 from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in`require'
 from extconf.rb：36：in<<主要>'
 
 
 Gem文件将保留安装在/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1中进行检查。 
结果记录到/var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1/ext/mri/gem_make.out 
   
 
并获得一个错误。
 
 
 
我错过了什么？
 
 <  
 
 
 
 
 `require'：no such file to load  -  mkmf（LoadError） 
 
 
 无法构建gem原生扩展（mkmf（LoadError）） -  Ubuntu 12.04   
 通常，解决方案是： 
 
 
 
 
 sudo apt-get install ruby​​-dev 
 
 
 或者，如果这样做不起作用，则取决于您的ruby版本，运行如下所示：     sudo apt-get install ruby​​1 .9.1-dev 
 
 
应该解决您的问题。 
 
 
 
 
 
仍然无法使用？安装ruby-dev后，请尝试以下操作： 
 
 
 
 
 sudo apt-get install make 
 
 
 
Ruby 1.9.3


The part of Gemfile
#...............
gem "pony"
gem "bcrypt-ruby", :require => "bcrypt"
gem "nokogiri" 
#..................
When I'm trying to install gems, I get an error
alex@ubuntu:~/$ bundle
Fetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/.........
Fetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/..
Enter your password to install the bundled RubyGems to your system: 
#####............................................................
Installing bcrypt-ruby (3.0.1) with native extensions 
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)
        from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
        from extconf.rb:36:in `<main>'


Gem files will remain installed in /home/alex/.bundler/tmp/5526/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/alex/.bundler/tmp/5526/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1/ext/mri/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing bcrypt-ruby (3.0.1), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install bcrypt-ruby -v '3.0.1'` succeeds before bundling.
Then I'm doing this
sudo gem install bcrypt-ruby -v '3.0.1'
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing bcrypt-ruby:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb
/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)
        from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
        from extconf.rb:36:in `<main>'


Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1/ext/mri/gem_make.out
and getting an error as well.

What did I miss?
解决方案
There are similar questions: 


`require': no such file to load -- mkmf (LoadError)
Failed to build gem native extension (mkmf (LoadError)) - Ubuntu 12.04


Usually, the solution is:

  
sudo apt-get install ruby-dev
Or, if that doesn't work, depending on your ruby version, run something like:

  
sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev
Should fix your problem.



Still not working? Try the following after installing ruby-dev:

  
sudo apt-get install make


                        
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