通过命令行安装“Compass”会收到错误“extconf failed，exit code 1” [英] Installing 'Compass' via the command line receive error "extconf failed, exit code 1"

问题描述

无法找到答案。
运行OS X Yosemite Beta v2

遵循指南针安装指南时，请确保您的宝石是最新的

  gem update --system 
  

然后运行

  gem install指南针
  

<假设您的安装由于同样的原因而失败，您会注意到错误日志指出：

pre> 您必须先安装开发工具。


因此，安装xcode并尝试：

  xcode-select --install 
  

按照屏幕指示和你应该是金色的。作为参考，这是我在尝试时收到的错误

 计算机：文件夹用户$ sudo gem install指南针
 
构建本地扩展。这可能需要一段时间... 
错误：安装指南针时出错：
错误：无法构建gem原生扩展。 
 
 /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20140904-3376-i1l5f8.rb extconf.rb 
检查ffi。 h ... *** extconf.rb失败*** 
由于某些原因无法创建Makefile，可能缺少必要的
库和/或头文件。检查mkmf.log文件以获取更多详细信息。您可能
需要配置选项。 
 
提供的配置选项：
 --with-opt-dir 
 --without-opt-dir 
 --with-opt-include 
  - -without-opt-include = $ {opt-dir} / include 
 --with-opt-lib 
 --without-opt-lib = $ {opt-dir} / lib 
 --with-make-prog 
 --without-make-prog 
 --srcdir =。 
 --curdir 
 --ruby = / System / Library / Frameworks / Ruby.framework / Versions / 2.0 / usr / bin / ruby​​ 
 --with-ffi_c-dir 
 --without -ffi_c-dir 
 --with-ffi_c-include 
 --without -ffi_c-include = $ {ffi_c-dir} / include 
 --with-ffi_c-lib 
 --without -ffi_c-lib = $ {ffi_c-dir} / 
 --with-libffi-config 
 --without-libffi-config 
 --with-pkg- config 
 --without-pkg-config 
 /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:434:in`try_do '：编译器无法生成可执行文件。 （RuntimeError）
您必须先安装开发工具。 
 from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in`block in try_compile'
 from / System / Library / Frameworks / Ruby.framework / Versions / 2.0 / usr / lib / ruby​​ / 2.0.0 / mkmf.rb：502：从/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/下载`with_werror'
 2.0 / usr / lib / ruby​​ / 2.0.0 / mkmf.rb：549：来自/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0的`try_compile'
。 0 / mkmf.rb：1044：在`block in have_header'
 from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:895：在`block block in check_for'
 from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in`block（2 levels）in从/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310：'open'
 from / System / Library / Frameworks / Ruby.framework / Versions / 2.0 / usr / lib / ruby​​ / 2.0.0 / mkmf.rb：340：在`block in postpone'
 from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in`open'
 from / System / Library / Frameworks / Ruby .framework / Versions / 2.0 / usr / lib / ruby​​ / 2.0.0 / mkmf.rb：336：从/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib推迟
 /ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:894:in`checking_for'
 from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb ：1043：'have_header'
来自extconf.rb：16：'< main>'
 
 extconf失败，退出代码1 
 
 Gem文件将会仍然安装在/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/ffi-1.9.3进行检查。 
结果记录到/Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-14/2.0.0/ffi-1.9.3/gem_make.out 
  

Couldn't find an answer to this. Running OS X Yosemite Beta v2

When following compass install guide ensure that your gem is up-to-date

gem update --system

Then run

gem install compass 

解决方案

Assuming your installation failed for the same reason as mine, you'll notice that the error logs states:

"You have to install development tools first."

So, install xcode and try:

xcode-select --install

Follow the onscreen instructions and you should be golden. For reference, this is the error I received when attempting

Computer:Folder User$ sudo gem install compass

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing compass:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20140904-3376-i1l5f8.rb extconf.rb
checking for ffi.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby
    --with-ffi_c-dir
    --without-ffi_c-dir
    --with-ffi_c-include
    --without-ffi_c-include=${ffi_c-dir}/include
    --with-ffi_c-lib
    --without-ffi_c-lib=${ffi_c-dir}/
    --with-libffi-config
    --without-libffi-config
    --with-pkg-config
    --without-pkg-config
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:434:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in `block in try_compile'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:502:in `with_werror'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:549:in `try_compile'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1044:in `block in have_header'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:895:in `block in checking_for'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in `open'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:340:in `block in postpone'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:310:in `open'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:336:in `postpone'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:894:in `checking_for'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/mkmf.rb:1043:in `have_header'
    from extconf.rb:16:in `<main>'

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/ffi-1.9.3 for inspection.
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/extensions/universal-darwin-14/2.0.0/ffi-1.9.3/gem_make.out

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