在坐标系统WGS 74和WGS 84之间转换 [英] Converting between coordinates system WGS 74 and WGS 84

问题描述

我正在研究GSHHS数据库的栅格化，基本上将海岸线多边形和河流线转换为栅格。

http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pwessel/gshhg/

河流和海岸数据库是两个不同的文件。

我注意到河流和海岸之间数百米的错位应明确地对齐。我在自述中注意到的一件事是海岸线数据库使用WGS84坐标并使用WGS 72从其他来源生成河流数据库。区别应在于初级经线的移位和地球主轴尺寸的差异。

我搜索过通过互联网关于两套之间的转换，并找不到。

我需要的答案：

• 我如何在它们之间进行转换？

或者

• 我如何解决GSHHS数据库中的错位问题？

解决方案

以下是将WGS 72坐标转换为WGS 84坐标的公式和参数。
$ bΔφ=（4.5 cosφ）/（a sin 1）+（Δfsin2φ）/（sin 1）

Δλ= 0.554美元b



















$ >参数

• Δf= 0.3121057 x 10-7
  
• a = 6378135 m
  
• Δa= 2.0 m
  
• Δr= 1.4 m
  

要获得WGS 84坐标，将使用WGS 72坐标计算得到的Δφ，Δλ，Δh变化添加到WGS 72坐标（分别为φ，λ，h）。纬度为正北，东经为正东（0°至180°）。

I'm working on rasterisation of the GSHHS database basically converting shoreline polygons and river lines to raster.

http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pwessel/gshhg/

The rivers and shores databases are two different files.

I noticed misalignment of hundreds of meters between rivers and shores at points where they are clearly should be aligned. One thing I noticed in the README is that the shorelines database uses WGS84 coordinates and river database was generated form other source using WGS 72. The difference should be in shift of prime meridian and difference in primary axis dimensions of the Earth.

I've searched over the internet about conversion between the two sets and couldn't found.

Answers I need:

• How can I convert between them?

Or alternatively

• How do I solve misalignment in GSHHS database?

解决方案

Here are the formulas and parameters to transform WGS 72 coordinates to WGS 84 coordinates

FORMULAS

• Δφ" = (4.5 cos φ) / (a sin 1") + (Δf sin 2φ) / (sin 1")
• Δλ" = 0.554
• Δh = 4.5 sin φ + a Δf sin2 φ - Δa + Δr (Units = Meters)

PARAMETERS

• Δf = 0.3121057 x 10-7
• a = 6378135 m
• Δa = 2.0 m
• Δr = 1.4 m

To obtain WGS 84 coordinates, add the Δφ, Δλ, Δh changes calculated using WGS 72 coordinates to the WGS 72 coordinates (φ, λ, h, respectively). Latitude is positive north and longitude is positive east (0° to 180°).

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