如何设置GIT_DIR& GIT_WORK_TREE在维护多个存储库时 [英] How to set GIT_DIR & GIT_WORK_TREE when maintaining multiple repositories

问题描述

就像这个SO post ，我有以下的工作流程，我想用git来维护：

1. 多人在本地开发
>

2. 提交一些资讯


3. 提交更多资讯


4. 推送到分期付款


5. 在测试中测试新代码


6. 推送到产品





。我想为每个用户的主目录中的不同文件夹设置存储库。每个存储库都会有一个post-receive挂钩（ala Daniel Messier文章），用于检查该网站/存储库的网站根目录发生了变化。





这是数字6给我带来的麻烦。





当我尝试运行任何git命令时，出现错误致命的：此操作必须在工作树中运行。无论我从存储库运行'git status'（/ home / gituser / website1.git - 我不认为应该可以工作），还是从web根目录（/ var / www / website1） 。然而，如果我指定了GIT_DIR和GIT_WORK_TREE，那么我可以运行git命令。这两个工作：

  $ git --git-dir /home/gituser/website1.git --work-tree / var / www / website1 status 
 $ GIT_DIR = / home / gituser / website1.git GIT_WORK_TREE = / var / www / website1 git status 
  

所以我需要：





1. 与每个命令一起输入目录和工作树的替代方法


2. 将它们设置为持久性环境变量的替代方法，因为这只适用于网站1，而不适用于网站2，网站3等
   
   
   

   我正确地处理这个问题吗？如何获得每个存储库所需的目录信息？

   解决方案

   如果我理解正确，每个Web根目录的存储库。如果是这样的话，您可以在存储库级别设置工作树（在 .git / config 文件中）： core.worktree 。如果回购配置为 bare ：

     [core] 
    bare = false 
    worktree = / webroot / dir / for / this / repo 
     

   设置完成后，Git命令（如 git status ）应该再次从存储库文件夹中运行，并且所有使用工作树的命令（ git status ， git checkout 等）将使用 core.worktree 位置。 （请注意，Git命令仍然无法从工作树位置运行，因为它不是存储库。）

   
   

   Much like this SO post, I have the following workflow that i would like to maintain with git:

   1. Multiple people develop locally
   2. Commit a few things
   3. Commit more things
   4. Push to Staging
   5. Test new code on Staging
   6. Push to Production

   Our staging server serves many different sites. I would like to set up the repository for each in a different folder in a user's home directory. Each repository will have a post-receive hook (ala the Daniel Messier article) that checks out the changes into the web root for that site/repository.

   It's number six that is giving me trouble.

   When I try to run any git commands, I get the error "fatal: This operation must be run in a work tree". I get this error whether I am running 'git status' from the repository (/home/gituser/website1.git - which I don't believe should work anyway..) or from the web root (/var/www/website1).

   However, if I specify the GIT_DIR and GIT_WORK_TREE, then I am able to run git commands. Both of these work:

   $ git --git-dir /home/gituser/website1.git --work-tree /var/www/website1 status
   $ GIT_DIR=/home/gituser/website1.git GIT_WORK_TREE=/var/www/website1 git status 
   

   So I need:

   1. An alternative to typing the directory and work tree along with every command
   2. An alternative to setting them as persistent environment variables, because that would only work for website1, not website2, website3, etc

   Am I going about this correctly? How can I get git the directory info it needs for each repository?

   解决方案

   If I understand correctly, you've got a different repository for each web root. If that's the case, you can set the work tree at the repository level (in the .git/config file): core.worktree. It won't work if the repo is configured as bare:

   [core]
       bare = false
       worktree = /webroot/dir/for/this/repo
   

   Once that's set, Git commands (like git status) should work from the repository folder again, and any commands that use the work tree (git status, git checkout, etc.) will use the core.worktree location. (Note that Git commands still won't work from the work tree location, because it's not a repository.)

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