合并提交不会出现在git rebase --interactive中 [英] Merge commits don't appear in git rebase --interactive
问题描述
commit 1abcd [。> git log ..]
作者：[...]
日期：[...]
[有用提交]
提交2abcd [..] 。]
作者：[...]
日期：[...]
[等]合并分支[...]等等]
提交3abcd [...]
作者：[...]
日期：[...]
[有用的提交]
合并提交对我无用 - 它并不代表分支的有意义状态并且是从远程拉取生成的，所以我有真正的远程历史提交 - 不需要承诺标记我拉出的事实。我想压缩这个合并提交。我常用的做一个壁球的方法是：
$ b $ g $ rebase --interactive HEAD〜2 我需要去）
然后我将它挤压到一个邻居提交中。如果例如我做了一个提交，意识到我错过了一个很小的重要细节（单个文件，或者没有更改其中一个文件中的一行），并且做了另一个基本上只是一个快速响应的提交，我会多次执行此操作。通过这种方式，当我将变更推回到遥控器时，所有内容都很干净，并且讲述了一个有凝聚力的叙述。 然而，在这种情况下，当我运行 git rebase ... 命令时，提交 2abcd 不会显示！它似乎跳过 2abcd ，而是显示 1abcd 和 3abcd 。有没有什么特别的合并提交可以防止它出现在 git rebase --interactive 中？
更新 per @ Cupcake的要求：
$ b可以使用其他技术来压缩合并提交吗？ $ b
git log --graph --oneline --decorate 的输出如下所示：
* 1abcd（有用的提交）
* 2abcd（合并）
| \< - 从远程
| * 3abcd（有用的提交）
| |
有帮助吗？
- preserve-merges ，Rebase通常不会保留合并提交好吧，所以我不确定会发生什么，如果你试图用 - preserve-merges 来压缩一个交互式rebase的合并提交，但这是我的方式删除您的案例中的合并提交，并使您的历史记录成为线性：
-
。
-
在合并提交之后，Cherry提取或重新绑定了之前重新提交的提交之前的所有内容。
如果在合并提交后只有1次提交
那么就命令而言，这个：
$ b
＃在合并之前重置提交
git reset --hard< ;合并> ^
＃重新绑定到th e远程分支
git rebase< remote> /< branch>
＃樱桃挑选最后一次提交
git cherry-pick 1abcd
如果在合并提交后有超过1次提交
＃将一个临时分支在你当前的提交
git分支temp
＃在合并提交之前重置提交
git reset --hard< merge> ^
＃Rebase到远程分支上
git rebase< remote> /< branch>
＃Cherry使用提交范围选择最后的提交。
＃范围的开始是独占的（不包括在内）
git cherry-pick< merge> .. temp
＃除了上面的樱桃选择，你可以而是将合并提交中的所有
＃重新绑定到临时分支的顶端，然后重新绑定到其他
＃新重新提交的提交。
＃
＃您也可以使用--preserve-merges来保留在
＃之后的合并提交，这是您想要删除的第一个合并提交...但如果有
＃这些合并提交中的任何冲突，您需要重新解决它们。
git rebase --preserve-merges --onto< currentBranch> <合并> temp
＃这些后续步骤只有在您使用上面的rebase，
＃而不是使用樱桃挑选范围时才需要。
＃
＃快进您的上一个分支并删除临时
git checkout< previousBranch>
git merge temp
git branch -d temp
Documentation
commit 1abcd[...]
Author: [...]
Date: [...]
[Useful commit]
commit 2abcd[...]
Author: [...]
Date: [...]
Merge branch [...] of [etc. etc.]
commit 3abcd[...]
Author: [...]
Date: [...]
[Useful commit]
That merge commit is useless to me - it doesn't represent a meaningful state of the branch and was generated from a remote pull, so I have the real commits of the remote history - no need for a commit to mark the fact that I pulled. I would like to squash this merge commit. My usual technique for doing a squash is:
git rebase --interactive HEAD~2 (or however far back I need to go)
And then I would squash it into a neighboring commit. I do this some times if for example I make a commit, realize I missed a tiny important detail (single file, or hadn't changed a line in one of the files), and do another commit that's basically just a quick oops. That way when I push my changes back to the remote, everything is nice and clean and tells a cohesive narrative.
However, in this case, when I run the git rebase ... command, commit 2abcd doesn't appear! It seems to skip right over 2abcd and instead displays 1abcd and 3abcd. Is there something special about a merge commit that prevents it from being appearing in git rebase --interactive? What other technique could I use to squash that merge commit?
UPDATE per @Cupcake's request:
The output of git log --graph --oneline --decorate looks like this:
* 1abcd (useful commit)
* 2abcd (merge)
| \ <-- from remote
| * 3abcd (useful commit)
| |
Helpful?
Rebase doesn't normally preserve merge commits without --preserve-merges
Ok, so I'm not exactly sure what would happen if you tried to squash a merge commit using an interactive rebase with --preserve-merges...but this is how I would remove the merge commit in your case and make your history linear:
Rebase everything before the merge commit on top of the remote branch.
Cherry-pick or rebase everything after the merge commit on top of the previously rebased commits.
If you only have 1 commit after the merge commit
So in terms of commands, that would look something like this:
# Reset to commit before merge commit
git reset --hard <merge>^
# Rebase onto the remote branch
git rebase <remote>/<branch>
# Cherry-pick the last commit
git cherry-pick 1abcd
If you have more than 1 commit after the merge commit
# Leave a temporary branch at your current commit
git branch temp
# Reset to commit before merge commit
git reset --hard <merge>^
# Rebase onto the remote branch
git rebase <remote>/<branch>
# Cherry-pick the last commits using a commit range.
# The start of the range is exclusive (not included)
git cherry-pick <merge>..temp
# Alternatively to the cherry-pick above, you can instead rebase everything
# from the merge commit to the tip of the temp branch onto the other
# newly rebased commits.
#
# You can also use --preserve-merges to preserve merge commits following
# the first merge commit that you want to get rid of...but if there were
# any conflicts in those merge commits, you'll need to re-resolve them again.
git rebase --preserve-merges --onto <currentBranch> <merge> temp
# These next steps are only necessary if you did the rebase above,
# instead of using the cherry-pick range.
#
# Fast-forward your previous branch and delete temp
git checkout <previousBranch>
git merge temp
git branch -d temp
Documentation
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