当只有一个预期的时候，gitconfig别名中的回声会回显整个命令行参数列表 [英] Echos in gitconfig aliases echoing the entire list of command line arguments when only one expected

问题描述

很长一段时间，我在别名文件中有以下别名：

  ignore =！（[！-e .gitignore]&& touch .gitignore）| echo $ 1>> .gitignore 
  

这对我来说不是原创的，如果您搜索它，你会看到很多地方。然而，最近我开始对别名有一个奇怪的问题。我忽略的任何东西都放在.gitignore文件中并放在同一行（仅限一个空格）。

我做了一些调试，发现真正发生的情况是对 echo $ 1 的调用是回应如您所期望的那样 $ 1 ，但也会将别名的整个参数串回显。

为了测试这个，我创建了一个新的别名：

  eo =！echo $ 1 
 
> git eo test 
 test test 
 
> git eo test0 test1 
 test0 test0 test1 
  

最后一行是最有趣的，因为它很清楚显示echo调用正在获取整套参数，而 $ 1 正在被正确评估。事实上，如果我把事情搞砸了，把 $ 1 更改为 $ 9 （并且不要填写 $ 9 ），我得到：

 > git eo test0 test1 
 test0 test1 
  

我已经确认这发生在Git 1.8版上。 5到1.9.0，我已经确认它不会发生在Git 1.7.1版本中;不幸的是，我无法在1.7.1和1.8.5之间进行测试。

有没有人对这里发生的事情有所了解？它破坏了我的一些别名...

解决方案

我认为扩展不是您所期望的。让我们从您的别名开始：

  eo =！echo $ 1 
  

$ b

我相信 git eo test 正在扩展为：

  echo $ 1 test 
  

然后展开为：

  echo test test 
  

git查看别名的典型方式是当我说eo时，我想让你运行echo $ 1并将所有参数传递给该命令。这允许你做一些事情，例如：

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
$！ c>

仍然可以将参数传递给 git k 。如果你希望它的行为不同，你应该像下面这样通过一个shell调用来传递它：

  [别名] 
 eo =！sh -c'echo $ 1' -  
  

然后你会得到预期的结果。 / p>

我认为你的忽略别名，你想要的东西就像

  [别名] 
 ignore =！sh -c'echo$ 1>> .gitignore' -  
  

注意：您不需要触摸>>< / code>来工作，并且在原来的别名中，您可能打算使用; 来代替将输出传送到回显。 / p>


For a long time, I had the following alias in my aliases file:

ignore=!([ ! -e .gitignore ] && touch .gitignore) | echo $1 >>.gitignore

It wasn't original to me, and if you search for it, you'll see it a lot of places. Recently, however, I've started having a weird problem with the alias. Anything I ignore gets placed twice in the .gitignore file and on the same line (with a space only).

I did a bit of debugging and found that what is really happening is that the call to echo $1 is echoing $1 as you'd expect, but also echoing the entire string of arguments to the alias.

To test this, I made a new alias:

eo = !echo $1

> git eo test
test test    

> git eo test0 test1
test0 test0 test1

That last line is the most interesting because it clearly shows that the echo call is getting the entire set of arguments tacked on to it while $1 is getting evaluated correctly. In fact, if I mess with things and change $1 to $9 (and don't fill $9), I get:

> git eo test0 test1
test0 test1

I have confirmed that this happens on Git versions 1.8.5 to 1.9.0 and I have confirmed that it DOES NOT happen in Git version 1.7.1; unfortunately, I am unable to test between 1.7.1 and 1.8.5.

Does anyone have any insight to what is going on here? It breaks a few of my aliases...

解决方案

I think the expansion isn't what you expect. Let's start with your alias:

eo = !echo $1

I believe git eo test is being expanded to:

echo $1 test

Which is then expanded to:

echo test test

The typical way git looks at the alias is to say when I say "eo", I want you to run "echo $1" and pass all arguments to that command. That allows you to do things like

[alias]
k = !gitk

And still be able to pass arguments to git k. If you want this to behave differently, you should pass it through a shell invocation like this:

[alias]
eo = !sh -c 'echo $1' -

Then you'll get the expected result.

I think for your ignore alias, you want something like

[alias]
ignore = !sh -c 'echo "$1" >> .gitignore' -

Note: you don't need to touch the file for >> to work, and in your original alias you probably meant to use ; instead of piping the output of touch into echo.

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