高效的Go序列化结构到磁盘 [英] Efficient Go serialization of struct to disk
问题描述
我的任务是将C ++代码替换为Go,而我对Go API非常陌生。我正在使用gob将数百个键/值条目编码到磁盘页面,但gob编码有太多不需要的膨胀。
package main
import(
bytes
encoding / gob
fmt
)
type输入结构{
键字符串
Val字符串
}
func main( ){
var buf bytes.Buffer
enc:= gob.NewEncoder(& buf)
e:= Entry {k1,v1}
enc.Encode( e)
fmt.Println(buf.Bytes())
}
这会产生许多我不需要的膨胀:
[35 255 129 3 1 1 5 69 110 116 114 121 1 255 130 0 1 2 1 3 75 101 121 1 12 0 1 3 86 97 108 1 12 0 0 0 11 255 130 1 2 107 49 1 2 118 49 0]
我想序列化每个字符串的len,然后是原始字节,如:
[0 0 0 2 107 49 0 0 0 2 118 49]
我正在储蓄数百万条目,因此编码中的额外膨胀会使文件大小增加约10倍。
如何将它序列化为后者无需手动编码?
使用protobuf可以高效地编码数据。
https://github.com/golang/protobuf
你的main看起来像这样:
package main
import(
fmt
log
github.com/golang/protobuf/proto
)
func main(){
e: =& Entry {
Key:proto.String(k1),
Val:proto.String(v1),
}
data,err:= proto .Marshal(e)
if err!= nil {
log.Fatal(marshaling error:,err)
}
fmt.Println(data)
}
您创建一个文件example.proto,如下所示:
package main;
消息条目{
required string Key = 1;
所需的字符串Val = 2;
}
您通过运行从原始文件生成转码:
$ protoc --go_out =。 * .proto
您可以检查生成的文件,如果您愿意的话。
您可以运行并查看结果输出:
$ go run * .go
[10 2 107 49 18 2 118 49]
I've been tasked to replace C++ code to Go and I'm quite new to the Go APIs. I am using gob for encoding hundreds of key/value entries to disk pages but the gob encoding has too much bloat that's not needed.
package main
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/gob"
"fmt"
)
type Entry struct {
Key string
Val string
}
func main() {
var buf bytes.Buffer
enc := gob.NewEncoder(&buf)
e := Entry { "k1", "v1" }
enc.Encode(e)
fmt.Println(buf.Bytes())
}
This produces a lot of bloat that I don't need:
[35 255 129 3 1 1 5 69 110 116 114 121 1 255 130 0 1 2 1 3 75 101 121 1 12 0 1 3 86 97 108 1 12 0 0 0 11 255 130 1 2 107 49 1 2 118 49 0]
I want to serialize each string's len followed by the raw bytes like:
[0 0 0 2 107 49 0 0 0 2 118 49]
I am saving millions of entries so the additional bloat in the encoding increases the file size by roughly x10.
How can I serialize it to the latter without manual coding?
Use protobuf to efficiently encode your data.
https://github.com/golang/protobuf
Your main would look like this:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"log"
"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
)
func main() {
e := &Entry{
Key: proto.String("k1"),
Val: proto.String("v1"),
}
data, err := proto.Marshal(e)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("marshaling error: ", err)
}
fmt.Println(data)
}
You create a file, example.proto like this:
package main;
message Entry {
required string Key = 1;
required string Val = 2;
}
You generate the go code from the proto file by running:
$ protoc --go_out=. *.proto
You can examine the generated file, if you wish.
You can run and see the results output:
$ go run *.go
[10 2 107 49 18 2 118 49]
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