如何在Golang中创建没有字段或方法的顶级对象？ [英] How to create a top level object with no fields or methods in Golang?

问题描述

由于我来自Java并且是Golang的新手，我会尝试在Java中解释我想要的。

Since I am from Java and new to Golang, I will try to explain what I want in Java.

    interface Car { }

    class MyCarA implements Car {
      int specificToA
    }

    class MyCarB implements Car {
      int specificToB
    }

我认为这种接口（如Car）在Java中被称为标记接口。这只是表明编译器必要的抽象。

I think such an interface (like Car) is called a marker interface in Java. It is just to indicate the compiler the necessary abstraction.

我如何在Golang中做到这一点？

How can I do this in Golang ?

我有

I have

type MyCarA struct {
   specificToA int
}
type MyCarB struct {
  specificToB int
}

现在我该如何概括这些结构？它应该是一个接口或其他结构吗？

How can I generalise these structs now ? Should it be an interface or another struct ?

推荐答案

您可以这样做：

type Car interface { IAmACar() }

type MyCarA struct {
  specificToA int
}
func (MyCarA) IAmACar() {}

type MyCarB struct {
  specificToB int
}
func (MyCarB) IAmACar() {}

您使用 type assertion ：

_, itIsACar := v.(Car)

游乐场示例

Car界面也可用于静态检测错误：

The Car interface can also be used to detect errors statically:

var c Car
c = MyCarA{0} // ok
c = 0 // error, int is not a car

go / ast 包做了类似的事情。请参阅 exprNode < a>在 ast.go 文件中。

The go/ast package does something similar. See uses of the function exprNode in the file ast.go.

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