我如何使用Selenium和Chrome下载某些内容? [英] How can I download something with Selenium and Chrome?
问题描述
第一步,我尝试设置默认的下载文件夹。
我尝试了5个选项,但它们都没有工作:
#!/ usr / bin / env python
# - * - coding:utf-8 - * -
Selenium示例用于下载网页。来自selenium的
导入webdriver
来自selenium.webdriver.common.keys从selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains导入关键字
导入ActionChains
导入os
导入时间
def main():
下载打开的PDF页面。
browser = get_browser()
url =https://martin-thoma.com/pdf/cv-curriculum-vitae.pdf
browser.get(url)#打开PDF页面
$ el = browser.find_element_by_id(plugin)
time.sleep(5)
ActionChains(browser).send_keys(Keys.CONTROL,s)。perform()
print(browser.current_url)
time.sleep(60)#让浏览器开启60s
$ b $ def get_browser():
获取浏览器(一个司机)。
#找到'哪个chromedriver'的路径
path_to_chromedriver =('/ home / moose / GitHub / algorithms / scraping /'
'venv / bin / chromedriver')
download_dir =/ home / moose / selenium-download /
print(Is directory:{}。format(os.path.isdir(download_dir)))
fail = 6
options = None
desired_caps = None
if fail == 1:
#失败(1)
os.environ ['XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR'] = download_dir
elif fail == 2:
#Fail(2)
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument(download.default_directory = {)
.format( )
elif fail == 3:
#失败(3)
选项= webdriver.ChromeOptions()
prefs = {download.default_directory:download_dir}
options.add_experimental_option(prefs,prefs)
elif fail == 4:
#F ail(4)
desired_caps = {'prefs':
{'download':{'default_directory':download_dir,
'directory_upgrade':true,
'extensions_to_open' :}}}
elif fail == 5:
#失败(5)
desired_caps = {'prefs':
{'download.default_directory':download_dir}}
elif fail == 6:
#失败(6)
desired_caps = {'prefs':
{'download':{'default_directory':download_dir,
'directory_upgrade':True,
'extensions_to_open':}}}
browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path = path_to_chromedriver,
chrome_options = options,
desired_capabilities = desired_caps)
返回浏览器
if __name__ =='__main__':
main()
我知道有一些简单的方法可以通过URL下载PDF。但是,我真正的用例更加复杂,下载是由JavaScript生成的点击触发的,这是一个3步登录过程背后的链接,完全由JavaScript完成。
所以这个问题有两个方面:
- 如何使用Selenium和Chrome(在Ubuntu 16.04上)更改默认下载目录? li>
- 如何下载打开的PDF? (我尝试了一个操作链,但它不起作用)
我有 Google Chrome版本59.0。 3071.115(官方版本)(64位)
,通过pip安装程序下载。 您需要从selenium.webdriver.chrome.options中导入选项
然后在 $>
get_browser()
中将整个if块和浏览器初始化更改为:
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('prefs',{
plugins.plugins_list:[{enabled:False,name: Chrome PDF Viewer}],
download:{
prompt_for_download:False,
default_directory:download_dir
}
})
browser = webdriver.Chrome(path_to_chromedriver,chrome_options = chrome_options)
(我使用Windows,但是不应该有任何分歧。)
As a first step, I tried to set the default download folder.
I tried 5 options but none of them worked:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Selenium example for downloading a webpage."""
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
import os
import time
def main():
"""Download an opened PDF page."""
browser = get_browser()
url = "https://martin-thoma.com/pdf/cv-curriculum-vitae.pdf"
browser.get(url) # Open a PDF page
# el = browser.find_element_by_id("plugin")
time.sleep(5)
ActionChains(browser).send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, "s").perform()
print(browser.current_url)
time.sleep(60) # Keep the browser open for 60s
def get_browser():
"""Get the browser (a "driver")."""
# find the path with 'which chromedriver'
path_to_chromedriver = ('/home/moose/GitHub/algorithms/scraping/'
'venv/bin/chromedriver')
download_dir = "/home/moose/selenium-download/"
print("Is directory: {}".format(os.path.isdir(download_dir)))
fail = 6
options = None
desired_caps = None
if fail == 1:
# Fail (1)
os.environ['XDG_DOWNLOAD_DIR'] = download_dir
elif fail == 2:
# Fail (2)
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("download.default_directory={}"
.format(download_dir))
elif fail == 3:
# Fail (3)
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
prefs = {"download.default_directory": download_dir}
options.add_experimental_option("prefs", prefs)
elif fail == 4:
# Fail (4)
desired_caps = {'prefs':
{'download': {'default_directory': download_dir,
'directory_upgrade': "true",
'extensions_to_open': ""}}}
elif fail == 5:
# Fail (5)
desired_caps = {'prefs':
{'download.default_directory': download_dir}}
elif fail == 6:
# Fail (6)
desired_caps = {'prefs':
{'download': {'default_directory': download_dir,
'directory_upgrade': True,
'extensions_to_open': ""}}}
browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=path_to_chromedriver,
chrome_options=options,
desired_capabilities=desired_caps)
return browser
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
I know there are simpler ways to download a PDF by URL. However, my real usecase is much more complicated and the download is triggered by a javascript generated click on a link behind a 3-step login process which is purely done with JavaScript.
So this question has two aspects:
- How do I change the default download directory with Selenium and Chrome (on Ubuntu 16.04)?
- How do I download an opened PDF? (I tried an action chain, but it doesn't work)
I have Google Chrome Version 59.0.3071.115 (Official Build) (64-bit)
, downloaded via the pip installer.
First you need
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
And change the whole if block and the browser initialization in get_browser()
to this:
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('prefs', {
"plugins.plugins_list": [{"enabled":False,"name":"Chrome PDF Viewer"}],
"download": {
"prompt_for_download": False,
"default_directory" : download_dir
}
})
browser = webdriver.Chrome(path_to_chromedriver, chrome_options=chrome_options)
(I use Windows but there shouldn't be any differences.)
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