Grep正则表达式不包含字符串 [英] Grep regex NOT containing string

问题描述

我将正则表达式列表传递给 grep 以检查系统日志文件。它们通常与IP地址和日志条目匹配;

I am passing a list of regex patterns to grep to check against a syslog file. They are usually matching an IP address and log entry;

grep "1\.2\.3\.4.*Has exploded" syslog.log

它只是一个模式列表，如1 \.2\.3\.4。*已爆炸部分我正在传递，在一个循环中，因此我无法传递-v作为示例。

It's just a list of patterns like the "1\.2\.3\.4.*Has exploded" part I am passing, in a loop, so I can't pass "-v" for example.

我很困惑，试着做上面的反转，一个不匹配的行与某个IP地址和错误，所以！1.2.3.4。* has exploded会匹配除1.2.3.4以外的其他任何系统日志行告诉我它已经发生了爆炸。我必须可以包含一个不匹配的IP。

I am confused trying to do the inverse of the above, an NOT match lines with a certain IP address and error so "!1.2.3.4.*Has exploded" will match syslog lines for anything other than 1.2.3.4 telling me it has exploded. I must be able to include an IP to NOT match.

我在StackOverflor上看到过不同的类似帖子，但他们使用了我可以使用的正则表达式似乎无法与 grep 一起工作。任何人都可以提供一个适用于 grep 的示例吗？

I have seen various similar posts on StackOverflor however they use regex patterns that I can't seem to get to work with grep. Can anyone provide a working example for grep please?

更新：
这发生在这样的脚本中;

UPDATE: This is happening in a script like this;

patterns[1]="1\.2\.3\.4.*Has exploded"
patterns[2]="5\.6\.7\.8.*Has died"
patterns[3]="\!9\.10\.11\.12.*Has exploded"

for i in {1..3}
do
 grep "${patterns[$i]}" logfile.log
done

推荐答案

grep 匹配， grep -v 做相反的处理。如果您需要匹配A而不是B，您通常会使用管道：

grep matches, grep -v does the inverse. If you need to "match A but not B" you usually use pipes:

grep "${PATT}" file | grep -v "${NOTPATT}"

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