如何在awk中运行grep？ [英] How to run grep inside awk?

问题描述

假设我有一个文件 input.txt ，只有少量列和少量行，第一列是关键字，目录 dir 与包含这些键的文件。我想在 dir 中包含这些关键字的文件中查找所有行。起初我试图运行命令

  cat input.txt | awk'{print $ 1}'| xargs grep dir 
  

这不起作用，因为它认为键是我的文件系统上的路径。接下来，我尝试了类似于


  cat input.txt | awk'{system（grep -rn dir $ 1）}'
  

但这不起作用无论如何，最终我不得不承认，即使这样也行不通

  cat input.txt |在我尝试使用 \ 来转义空格和 $ 标志，我来这里是为了征求你的建议，有什么想法吗？
 
 
 
当然我可以在`cat input.txt中为x做类似于
 
 
  `;做grep -rn $ x dir;完成
  
这不够好，因为它需要两个命令，但我只需要一个。这也显示了为什么 xargs 不起作用，该参数不是最后一个参数。 
 
解决方案 div> 
尝试以下内容： 
 
 
  awk'{print $ 1}'input.txt | xargs -n 1 -I pattern grep -rn pattern dir 
  
 
Suppose I have a file input.txt with few columns and few rows, the first column is the key, and a directory dir with files which contain some of these keys. I want to find all lines in the files in dir which contain these key words. At first I tried to run the command
cat input.txt | awk '{print $1}' | xargs grep dir
This doesn't work because it thinks the keys are paths on my file system. Next I tried something like
cat input.txt | awk '{system("grep -rn dir $1")}'
But this didn't work either, eventually I have to admit that even this doesn't work
cat input.txt | awk '{system("echo $1")}'
After I tried to use \ to escape the white space and the $ sign, I came here to ask for your advice, any ideas?


Of course I can do something like
for x in `cat input.txt` ; do grep -rn $x dir ; done
This is not good enough, because it takes two commands, but I want only one. This also shows why xargs doesn't work, the parameter is not the last argument
解决方案
Try following 
awk '{print $1}' input.txt | xargs -n 1 -I pattern grep -rn pattern dir


                        
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